GILLIAN ANDERSON is a past program manager for the Australian Alps national parks Co-operative Management Program and has had a long career in protected area management with Parks Victoria, focussed on management of visitor experience, education, and cultural heritage programs. She now runs “People in Nature,” a consultancy that provides project management and interpretation design services.
ROLF D. BALDUS, a German economist, born in 1949, was a university staff member, a family company manager and an international consultant before he became a ministerial ghost writer and personal assistant to the minister for Development Cooperation. He managed the Selous Conservation Programme in Tanzania from 1987 to 1994. Back in Germany, he was put in charge of the Development Policy Section in Chancellor Helmut Kohl’s office until returning to Tanzania in 1998 at the invitation of the Wildlife Division. As government advisor for Community Based Natural Resources Management, he was involved in developing the new Wildlife Policy and in revising the Wildlife Act. He also assisted in creating the Selous-Niassa Wildlife Corridor in southern Tanzania. He now lives in Germany’s oldest protected area on the River Rhine near Bonn.
KENT L. BIRINGER serves as a manager in the Global Security Programs at Sandia National Laboratories promoting cooperative threat reduction objectives in the Middle East, South Asia, and East Asia. From 2005 to 2010, he served as manager of Government Relations at Sandia. Earlier he was manager of the Regional Security and Multilateral Affairs Department at Sandia, where his department conducted research, analysis, training, and experimentation on technologies useful for monitoring international treaties and agreements and for regional confidence-building. Prior to management, he was a distinguished member of the technical staff and managed the South Asia program at Sandia’s Cooperative Monitoring Center, exploring options for cooperative approaches to nuclear, conventional, and non-traditional security in the subcontinent. He has worked at Sandia for thirty-six years in energy research, systems analysis, global security, and government affairs. His educational training is in mechanical engineering with degrees from Rice University.
LEN BROBERG is the director of the Environmental Studies Program at the University of Montana and, since 1999, has led the UM Transboundary Policy, Planning and Management Initiative (TPPMI), an international graduate program. As a professor in the program, he teaches courses concerning the implementation of science into policy with a focus on biodiversity, forests, and climate change, drawing on his experience as a lawyer and a biologist. His research focusses on biodiversity monitoring, forest restoration, conservation, planning, and policy in both the United States and Canada and domestic and international climate change policy. He is most recently the co-author of Yellowstone Bison: The Science and Management of a Migratory Wildlife Population (University of Montana Press, 2011) a book on transboundary management of the Yellowstone National Park bison herd.
AIR MARSHAL K. C. CARIAPPA (Retd) was commissioned in to the Indian Air Force in May 1957. He participated in the Indo-Pak Wars of 1965 and 1971 where he commanded a helicopter unit and a fighter squadron. He retired as Air Officer Commanding in Chief of Southwestern Air Command in January 1996. He graduated from the Defence Services Staff College with a M Phil degree in Military Science and attended a course at the Royal College of Defence Studies, London, in 1988. His interests include wildlife and the environment, and his hobbies include trekking and angling. He lives in Madikeri in Karnataka State, India.
MILINDO CHAKRABARTI is a professor at the School of Business Studies, Sharda University, Greater Noida, India. He also serves as the executive director of Development Evaluation Society of India, New Delhi. Besides publishing a number of research papers in national and international journals, he also served as consultants to the World Bank, IFAD, UNDP, the British Council, and IDRC. His research interests include natural resource management and development evaluation.
CHARLES CHESTER teaches on global environmental politics at Brandeis University and the Fletcher School at Tufts University, where he is an adjunct assistant professor of International Environmental Policy. He is a co-editor of Climate and Conservation: Landscape and Seascape Science, Planning and Action (Island Press, 2012) and author of Conservation across Borders: Biodiversity in an Interdependent World (Island Press, 2006). The latter book originated in his 2003 Fletcher PhD dissertation, focussing on case studies of transborder conservation in North America, including the Sonoran Desert. He has consulted for the Union of Concerned Scientists, the Henry P. Kendall Foundation, and other environmental organizations. He is currently co-chair of the Board of the Yellowstone to Yukon Conservation Initiative and has served on the boards of Bat Conservation International and Root Capital.
BARBARA EHRINGHAUS (MA) was born and raised in Germany. She has been working as sociologist and as environmental educator in Europe and abroad (mainly in Latin America, Africa, and Asia), in foreign-aid programs, in conservation projects, for the World Scout movement, and with Indigenous peoples. During the last decade, she has turned her mountaineering hobby into a full-time volunteer activity of Alpine protection, focusing on the tri-national transborder area of Mont Blanc as a potential model for balancing sustainable mountain development and conservation of natural resources under strong pressure from tourism and transport.
ROBERT FINCHAM holds a master’s degree from Western Michigan University and a PhD from Rhodes University in South Africa and is professor emeritus at the University of KwaZulu-Natal. He is director of the Msunduzi Innovation and Development Institute (MIDI), a trust formed by the University of KwaZulu-Natal, the Chamber of Business, and the Msunduzi Municipality. MIDI is responsible for facilitating key socioeconomic and environmental developments in the Pietermaritzburg City Region. He has developed collaborative research programs at universities in the United States, Canada, UK, Europe, and Asia, as well as in several African countries. His research interests are in food security, human nutrition, and conservation development. He is chairperson of the board of trustees of the Wildlands Conservation Trust (WCT), a major non-government organization in South Africa, and a board member of the Msinsi Resorts and Game Reserve, the latter tasked with managing the peripheries of the major water bodies in KwaZulu-Natal.
WAYNE FREIMUND is the Arkwright Professor of Protected Area Studies and director of the UM Wilderness Institute. He has been on the faculty of the University of Montana, College of Forestry and Conservation, since 1993. He teaches upper-division and graduate-level courses in wilderness philosophy, wildland recreation management, park management, managing visitors and resources, and theoretical perspectives of outdoor recreation experiences. He conducts a line of research in environmental perception and behaviour, visitor experiences, administrative capacity-building, and emerging issues in National Park Management. He has directed the International Seminar on Protected Area Management for twelve years. That seminar has included over 320 land-management professionals from seventy-one countries. He was promoted to associate professor in 1998 and full professor in 2004. He chaired the Department of Society and Conservation from 2003 to 2007 before returning to the directorship of the Wilderness Institute. He was executive editor for Electronic Communication for the International Journal of Wilderness and has served as a reviewer for numerous journals. He has served as major professor for nine PhD and fifteen MSc students. He has been a member of the World Commission on Protected Areas since 2005.
HALL HEALY is board chair of International Crane Foundation, an NGO preserving the world’s fifteen species of cranes. He is a professional environmental facilitator for NGOs and government agencies in the United States, Russia, China, and Korea. He earned a BA in Political Science from Colgate University and an MBA from the University of Chicago, Executive Program. He has written “Environmental Management” for American Management Association’s (AMA) Manufacturers Handbook and coauthored Packaging and Solid Waste and papers on natural resource conservation in the Korean Demilitarized Zone (DMZ). He is past president of the DMZ Forum, dedicated to preserving DMZ species and habitats and emeritus director of The Nature Conservancy of Illinois. He is on the governing board of the Chicago Zoological Society. He is a member of IUCN’s Transboundary Protected Areas (TBPA) and Specialist Group on Storks, Ibises, and Spoonbills and of the National Committee on North Korea, which facilitates engagement with North Korea.
PETER JACOBS is the chief ranger for the Alpine District with Parks Victoria, Australia. The Alpine District comprises 900,000 hectares of parks and reserves from high-use facilities through to extensive wilderness areas across some of the highest and wildest mountains in Australia. He has many years of experience with managing protected areas across state borders in the Australian Alps through being convenor of the Australian Alps Liaison Committee, inaugural chair of the Australian Alps National Landscapes Committee and inaugural co-chair of the Australian Alps Traditional Owners Reference Group.
JENNIFER LAING is a senior lecturer in Tourism in the Department of Management and deputy director of the Australia and International Tourism Research Unit at Monash University, Australia. She has a law and marketing background. Her research interests include tourism partnerships, extraordinary tourist experiences, the role of events in society, and heritage tourism. She has published in journals such as Annals of Tourism Research, Tourism Analysis, and Journal of Sustainable Tourism and has co-written Books and Travel: Inspiration, Quests and Transformation (2012) for Channel View. She was the recipient of the 2010 CAUTHE (Council for Australian Tourism and Hospitality Education) Fellows Award for Tourism and Hospitality Research. She is an editorial board member of the Journal of Travel Research and Tourism Review International. In 2011, she became co-editor of the Routledge Advances in Events Research series.
DAVID MABUNDA (PhD Tourism Management) was the first black director of the Kruger National Park and currently is the Chief Executive Officer of the South African National Parks (SANParks). He has wide experience in the education, land reform, conservation and tourism sectors of South Africa. As CEO of SANParks, David is responsible for the management of twenty-one national parks in South Africa. This includes balancing the requirements of the conservation mandate with providing public benefits as well as making SANParks financially sustainable and connecting conservation land to the broader society. David advises the South African government on various policies on conservation matters and contributes to the country’s conservation template and subsequently enhances South Africa’s role in global conservation debates and platforms. David serves on the World Protected Areas Leadership Forum representing major global conservation agencies. He has been involved as author or co-author of several scientific papers and chapters in books.
ANGELES MENDOZA SAMMET is the president of White Eagle Sustainable Development, a non-for-profit organization recently created to support community development in Mexico. She is a consultant on impact assessment and a member of the World Commission on Protected Areas. Her current research focusses on Social Responsibility and the socio-environmental impacts of foreign investment in Mexico. She is an avid rock climber. She has an interdisciplinary PhD on Environmental Design, speciality in Environmental Management (University of Calgary) and an MSc in Ecology and Environmental Sciences and a BSc in Biology from the National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM). She worked at UNAM as assistant researcher (Institute of Ecology, 1990–99) and as professor (Department of Geography, 1994–99). She is a certified mediator and facilitator on Consensus-Decision Making. Her distinctions include a regional award for Major Contributions to the Regional Development of Impact Assessment, granted by the International Association for Impact Assessment in 2011.
DAVE MIHALIC is a management consultant in planning, managing and advising on visitor services for both public and private entities in some of the world’s most special places. He has lead and participated in both evaluation and monitoring missions for IUCN of world heritage properties across the United States, Europe, and the Russian Federation. A retired senior executive with the U.S. National Park Service, he was superintendent at Yosemite, Glacier, and Mammoth Cave national parks, deputy at Great Smokies and Chief of Policy at the Washington headquarters. He started his career as a ranger at Glacier, researched visitor attitudes toward grizzly bears, and was District Ranger at Old Faithful in Yellowstone when tapped as the first superintendent at Yukon-Charley Rivers in Alaska, along the Yukon border. His undergraduate studies were in parks and recreation at Southern Illinois University and a masters in natural resource management from Michigan State. He is a graduate of Northwestern University’s Kellogg Graduate School of Management Advanced Executive Program. He lives in Missoula, Montana.
KERRY MITCHELL is the manager of the Foreign Policy and Diplomacy Services division at the Consulate General of Canada in Buffalo, New York. She holds a BBA from Pace University in New York and a Maîtrise de la langue française from the Sorbonne in Paris, France. She has spent her career involved in the development of cross-cultural and international education programs, including: Pace University’s Center for International Business Studies and Brazilian Institute; the YMCA International Program Services’ World Issues Program; and Calasanctius School’s International Enrichment Program. Since taking up the position at the Consulate General of Canada in 1989, she has placed continued priority on building new bridges to cooperation and collaboration in the cross-border Niagara region.
SUSAN MOORE is associate professor of Environmental Policy in the School of Environmental Science, Murdoch University, Australia. She leads the Nature Based Tourism Research Group at Murdoch University and has expertise in natural area tourism, protected area management, and biodiversity conservation policy. Her 150 publications include journal articles, books, and reports. She currently leads the national ARC Project on National Park Positioning and Visitor Loyalty, the Policy Research Program of WA Centre of Excellence for Climate Change and Tree Health, and the Social and Institutional Futures Program within the Landscapes and Policy National Research Hub at the University of Tasmania. Current honorary roles relevant to parks include governor, World Wide Fund for Nature–Australia, and member, IUCN World Commission on Protected Areas.
DANIE PIENAAR (MSc Wildlife Management) is the Head of Research in the South African National Parks and is based in the Kruger National Park. He has experience in managing research across twenty-one national parks, science-management-academic partnerships, protected area planning and management, rare species research and management, research and conservation policy drafting and transboundary conservation, which he gained in the Kruger and other national parks over the past twenty-four years. Main areas of personal research have been habitat preference of white rhino, rhino horn characteristics, black rhino monitoring and population dynamics, rare ungulate monitoring and conservation and crocodile research in the rivers of the Kruger National Park. He is a member of the Joint Management Board of the Great Limpopo Trans-frontier Park and chairs the Conservation and Veterinary Committee of the Great Limpopo Trans-frontier Park. He has been involved as author or co-author of several scientific papers and chapters in books.
MICHAEL QUINN is a full professor in the Faculty of Environmental Design at the University of Calgary and the director of Research and Liaison for the Miistakis Institute – a research support organization specializing in spatial data and analysis. He holds a BSc in Forest Science from the University of Alberta, an MSc in Forest Wildlife from the University of Alberta and a PhD in Environmental Studies from York University. His teaching and research interests are in the areas of ecosystem management, watershed management, landscape ecology, land-use planning, protected areas management, community-based natural resource management and urban ecology. He co-manages the Transboundary Environmental Policy, Planning, and Management initiative between the University of Calgary and University of Montana.
PATRICK ROBSON, commissioner of Integrated Community Planning, Regional Municipality of Niagara, holds a Bachelor of Applied Arts in Urban and Regional Planning from Ryerson, a Master of Arts in Politics from Brock University, has completed the Municipal Clerk’s and Treasurer’s program at Niagara College, and is a Certified Municipal Manager III through the Ontario Municipal Management Institute. His work has included being a private sector planning consultant, a community planner with the Niagara Escarpment Commission, and an investigator with the Ontario Human Rights Commission, as well as holding several progressive positions in the Niagara region. Also, he served three terms as an alderman in Wainfleet, Ontario. He teaches Public Policy at Brock University.
ANIMESH SARKAR is pursuing his PhD at the University of North Bengal on non-timber forest products (NTFPs). He was associated with the International Forestry Resources and Institutions (IFRI) project at Indiana University. He served as a consultant to International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMoD), Kathmandu. Besides publishing a number of papers in national and international journals, he also worked with IDRC, Planning Commission India. He served CREATE – the research centre of St. Joseph’s College, Darjeeling. He also taught in the Department of Ecotourism as a lecturer. His research interests include socio-ecological system and development evaluation.
LYNDA SCHNEEKLOTH is professor emerita at the School of Architecture and Planning, the University at Buffalo/SUNY since 1982 and continues to serve as the Director of Landscape at the Urban Design Project. Her scholarly research is focussed on the idea of placemaking, that is, how people transform the world, including natural processes and built form, from spaces in which they live into places they can love and care for. She has authored or co-authored five books: Olmsted in Buffalo and Niagara (2011); Reconsidering Concrete Atlantis: Buffalo Grain Elevators (editor, 2007); The Power Trail: History of Hydroelectricity at Niagara (2006); Placemaking: The Art and Practice of Building Communities (with R. Shibley, 1995), and Ordering Space: Types in Architecture and Design (with K. Franck, 1994), and has published over fifty scholarship articles and chapters.
MICHAEL SCHOON is currently the assistant director of Arizona State University’s Complex Adaptive Systems Initiative, focussing on building a complexity approach within several schools at Arizona State. His dissertation work, as an environmental policy and governance student at Indiana University’s Workshop in Political Theory and Policy Analysis, focussed on transboundary protected areas or peace parks in southern Africa, which won the American Political Science Association’s best dissertation award in 2008. Following that, he began as a research associate for the Center for the Study of Institutional Diversity, also at ASU, where he conducted research on collaboration across borders. For these projects, he looked at collaborative, cross-border institutional arrangements covering a range of environmental issues from biodiversity conservation to water sharing to fire management in the Arizona borderlands. His work combines multiple methodological approaches and looks at causal clusters for the formation and governance outcomes of institutional arrangements.
GOETZ SCHUERHOLZ is an adjunct professor at the University of Victoria and president of Transamerica Environmental Consultants Ltd. He is interested in many aspects of biodiversity conservation but specializes in community-based natural resource management. He also has expertise in conflict resolution and project management. He is a contributor to many international reports on transboundary and community-based natural resource management.
ROBERT SHIBLEY is dean of the School of Architecture and Planning at the University at Buffalo/SUNY. As the director of the Regional Institute/Urban Design Project, a centre at the school, he led the development of Buffalo’s national award-winning plan series for its downtown, waterfront, Olmsted park system, and its comprehensive plan. As the senior advisor to the president for Campus Planning and Design at the university, he led the development of Building UB: The Comprehensive Physical Plan. He is also an author or editor of eleven books on American urbanism, including Placemaking: The Art and Practice of Building Community, and the McGraw-Hill compendium on the state of the art in the field, Time Savers Standards for Urban Design. He is a registered architect, certified planner, and a fellow of the American Institute of Architects.
BELINDA SIFFORD is an attorney practising in the San Francisco Bay area. After working eight years at Vermont Law School in South Royalton, Vermont, as a professor and program administrator, she currently works as an adjunct professor supervising VLS students on externships in the western United States. She has had a long-standing interest in the U.S.–Mexican border after living and travelling in Mexico, doing immigration work on the border, and taking groups of students to the border for cross-border conversation trips.
BARTOLOMEU SOTO is the Mozambique project manager for Transfrontier Conservation Areas. Prior to that, he was national director of Conservation Areas for Mozambique (2007–2009) and head of the Wildlife Department (1992–97). He has an MSc from the University of Natal, a BVSc Honors in wildlife diseases from the University of Pretoria, and a BSc in Veterinary Science from Mozambique. He has a long and distinguished career in wildlife and protected areas.
THERESA SOWRY, CEO of the Southern African Wildlife College, holds a Master of Science degree in Botany from the University of the Witswatersrand, South Africa. She gained conservation experience while employed by South African National Parks, working on their rare antelope program in the Kruger National Park. Starting in the education field as a training manager and lecturer in Natural Resource Management, she was later promoted to executive manager: training and more recently to CEO of the Wildlife College. Whilst capacitating protected area managers across the SADC region to manage and conserve their wildlife areas and associated fauna and flora sustainably and in cooperation with local communities, the Wildlife College also works closely with the Peace Parks Foundation in identifying capacity-building needs and funding opportunities to train protected area managers and uplift communities in and around Transfrontier Conservation Areas across Africa. Of real significance is the development of ecotourism opportunities in and around Africa’s wildlife areas, thereby providing tangible benefits to communities and in so doing contributing to poverty alleviation and providing sustainable livelihood options.
PIET THERON (B Landscape Architecture, MPhil Environmental Science) is a professional landscape architect working in the environmental planning and management field. He has more than seventeen years of experience working on a wide range of natural resource management projects in southern Africa. His key skills and expertise are focussed on planning, managing, and implementing large and complex multi-national, multi-sectoral and multi-stakeholder integrated conservation and development projects, which often involve setting up effective partnerships between governments, the private sector, and NGOs. This includes being closely involved in the planning, development, and implementation of five transfrontier conservation areas (TFCAs) projects in southern Africa. His other fields of expertise include landscape level planning, environmental impact assessments, site assessments and comparative site analysis, visual impact assessments, project management, stakeholder management and participation (including workshop facilitation), and conflict resolution. His specific areas of professional interest include integrated conservation and development projects, environmental planning and management, community based natural resource management, and project development and management.
FREEK VENTER (PhD in land classification for management planning of a large protected area) is General Manager: Conservation Management in the Kruger National Park (KNP). He has experience in soil studies, river research and management, PA management, transboundary management, environmental impact assessments, park planning and park zoning which he gained in the KNP over the past thirty-four years. He initially focused on the classification and description of land in the KNP to assist in the zoning and management planning of this great park, and currently applies that knowledge in PA management (including adaptive management such as ecosystem restoration), wilderness protection and development initiatives. He has been involved with the Kruger National Park Rivers Research Program as research coordinator and leader of the Integrated River Management sub-Programme, several Joint Management Boards and serves on the Conservation and Veterinary Committee of the Great Limpopo Transfrontier Park and Conservation Area. He chairs the KNP Conservation Management Committee and has been involved as author or co-author of several scientific papers and chapters in books.
TODD WALTERS is the founder and executive director of International Peace Park Expeditions (IPPE), an organization that applies experiential learning within international peace parks to foster an interdisciplinary approach to leadership and collaboration, build a network dedicated to the advancement of peace parks, and support the development of local communities. He holds a master’s degree in International Peace and Conflict Resolution from the School of International Service at American University. He is a National Outdoor Leadership School-certified adventure guide with wilderness first responder (WFR) medical training and has led expeditions around the globe. His published work includes: “Balkans Peace Park: Cross-Border Cooperation and Livelihood Creation through Coordinated Environmental Conservation” and “The Social-Ecological Aspects of Conducting a Transboundary Peace and Conflict Impact Assessment in Waterton-Glacier International Peace Park.” He wrote the entry “Experiential Peacebuilding” for the Oxford International Encyclopedia of Peace.
BETTY WEILER is research professor of Tourism in the School of Tourism and Hospitality Management, Southern Cross University, Australia. Much of her twenty-five years of research has been in nature-based and heritage tourism, particularly in relation to sustainability. She has managed many national and international research projects on tourists, tours, and tour guiding in North America, Latin America, Southeast Asia, and Australia, including in national parks, zoos, and heritage attractions. More recently, her work has focussed on the use of persuasive communication to influence tourist behaviour and on visitor planning and management, particularly in protected areas and at heritage and nature-based attractions. In addition to some 150 publications, she is an editorial board member of five international tourism journals and a multi-award-winning researcher and PhD supervisor.
KEVAN ZUNCKEL, at the time the chapter was prepared, was appointed to coordinate the South African contribution to the Maloti Drakensberg Transfrontier Conservation and Development Project (MDTP) with Lesotho. He had accumulated eighteen years of experience in conservation. His career began as a conservation planner in the timber industry, but he soon moved across to the formal conservation agencies in South Africa, where he grew to head up the Research and Development component of the Mpumalanga Parks Board before he moved across to the MDTP. His contract with the MDTP extended for just over five years, in which time he established and managed the project implementation team and built the platform for the project to continue well beyond the GEF funded term. After working as an ecological consultant with a multi-national firm for two years, he joined his wife in a partnership that now offers ecological and environmental management services.