Index
A
abandoned mines, 378–79, 380–81, 386–87, 408
Aboriginal Affairs and Northern Development (AANDC) (also: Indian and Northern Affairs Canada, or INAC), 380–81, 399, 401
acid mine drainage, 380, 387
aerial surveying, 18, 20, 22, 87, 107–8, 134–35, 142–43, 164–67, 275, 507
aircraft, 14, 20, 103—20, 123—26, 164, 273, 506
air routes, 110–12, 122, 125
airscapes, 104, 114
Aklavik, 84, 88, 90, 193, 203
Alternatives North, 384, 401–2
Anderson, Rudolph, 70
anthropology, 5, 24, 73, 232–33, 252, 445, 472, 502, 507
anthropology, applied 233–34, 502, 507
antimodernism, 132–33, 136, 138–140, 143, 145–46, 148, 152, 168–69, 510, 512
Arctic Bay, 194
Arctic Climate Impact Assessment (ACIA), 466
Arctic Council, 29, 454, 480
Arctic Dilemma, 445, 508
Arctic Environmental Strategy, 440, 443–44
arctic haze, 427, 429, 430–33, 435, 452
Arctic Institute of North America, 8
Arctic Marine Shipping Assessment, 480
Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Programme, 444, 447–48
Arctic Waters Pollution Prevention Act, 18
Armstrong, Jeannette, 299, 302
arsenic, 381–84, 387–92, 399–401, 405, 407, 423
Arviat, 231. See also Eskimo Point
Asbestos Hill, 236
Ashcroft Trail, 52
Assinica Valley, 324
atmospheric pollution, 426–27, 438
atmospheric science, 422, 425, 430–32, 435–36, 447, 452
Avalon Rare Metals, 405
aviation, 6, 7, 15, 18, 20–21, 104–7, 109, 111–12, 114, 122–125, 134, 275, 427, 502–3, 505, 507–9, 511–12
B
back–to–nature movement, 139, 152
Baffin Island, 72–75, 91, 185, 192, 194, 213, 277, 423, 426, 437, 475
Baker Lake, 243, 483
bands (Indian Act), 341, 343–44
bannock mix, 203, 206
Barrenlands, 145, 223, 227, 230, 232, 238, 243, 251
Beaulieu, Joseph “Souci”, 148–50
beaver reserves, 322–23
Begg, Alexander, 42–43
Berger, Thomas, 17, 28
“Black” Basile, 148–49
Blanchet, Guy, 7, 131–33, 135–53, 158–59, 163–69, 505–6
blubber, 195
Boothia Peninsula, 194
boundaries, boundary–making, 339
Bourassa, Robert, 296, 306–7, 312–13
Brack, D.M., 243–44
breastfeeding, 188, 198, 204
Bringhurst, Robert, 300, 303
Broadback River, 324
Brock River, 295
Broughton Island, 421, 437, 439, 441, 443
Budgell, Max, 242
Bureau of Biological Survey (U.S.), 75, 77–79, 81
bureaucracy; bureaucratization, 18, 67, 69, 251, 334, 341, 357, 359–60, 364–65, 502, 510
bush flying, 104, 107, 112, 122–23, 125
bush planes, 104–5, 109, 113, 122–23, 125. See also bush flying
C
Cambridge Bay, 194, 282
Canadian Airways, 104, 106–7, 109–10, 115, 117–18, 122–24
Canadian Arctic Expedition, 1913–1918 70, 72
Canadian Arctic Indigenous Peoples Against POPs, 448
Canadian Arctic Resources Committee, 438
Canadian Council on Nutrition, 197
Canadian Public Health Association (CPHA), 391
Canadian Reindeer Project, 6, 63–93, 503, 510
Canadian Shield, 103–4, 107, 140, 296
Canadian Wildlife Service, 24, 239–41, 429
Cape Dorset, 194–95
caribou, 5, 9, 14–17, 19, 23, 26–8, 64, 66, 68–70, 72, 141, 148–49, 151, 181, 184–87, 200, 210, 223, 227, 239–40, 250, 325, 403, 428, 430, 435, 441, 451, 474, 501, 503
carrying capacity, 79–86, 92, 124, 227, 239, 240–41, 250
Centre for Indigenous Peoples’ Nutrition and the Environment, 444–45
Champagne and Aishihik First Nations (CAFN), 357–60, 361–62
Charest, Jean, 306–7, 316
Chesterfield Inlet, 193, 196
Chibougamau, 295–96, 317
Chipewyan Dene, (Denesuline) 132, 148–49, 151–52, 393
Citizens’ Committee in Aklavik, 203
Cladonia, 80–83, 84–86
cleanliness (sanitation), 188
climate change, 4, 10, 12–13, 18, 21, 426, 436, 451, 468, 471–74, 479, 483–84, 487, 500–501, 507– 8, 513
climate change, arctic, 92, 465–68, 471, 476, 480, 485–87
climate science, 12–13, 481–82, 508
Cockney, Lucy, 209
Cold War, 4, 7–8, 15, 24, 28, 90, 206, 226–27, 261, 263, 266–69, 272, 274, 280, 282, 423, 426–27, 429, 430, 447, 453, 507–8, 511–12
Colomac Mine, 386, 405
colonialism, 5, 6, 9, 13, 21, 25–26, 28, 182, 230, 232–33, 248, 252, 298–99, 305, 307, 315, 317, 484, 485, 504
colonization, 5–6, 13, 16–17, 19, 21, 26, 64, 298–99, 315, 387, 502
Cominco (also Consolidated Mining and Smelting, or CM&S) 393, 396, 403–4
Con Mine 384–85, 388–89, 399
conservation officer districts, 352, 354
Coon Come, Matthew, 298–99, 316
cooperatives, 246–48, 249–50
co–management, 11, 17–19, 344, 348, 364, 474, 482, 502, 506, 513
Commercial Airways, 117–18, 123
Comminterphone, 244
community development, 9, 228, 230, 245–48, 250–51
contaminants, 5, 10, 12, 18, 26, 193, 380, 383, 421–54, 500–501, 503–5, 507–11, 513
Cory, W.W., 75–78
Council for Yukon Indians, 342
Cree, 11, 17, 25, 196, 295–326, 502, 506, 510–11
Creswell Bay, 194, 196, 213
cyanide, 387–88
D
Dailey, Lois, 238, 249
Dailey, Robert, 238, 249
Daly Bay, 240, 242, 250
dams, 9, 15, 20, 267–68, 298–99, 313, 316, 500, 513
DDT, 423–24, 429–30, 433–34, 441
Defence Research Board, 24
Dene, 10, 25, 68, 132, 148–49, 151–52, 168, 192, 233, 386–89, 392–93, 396, 400–402, 407– 8, 439, 450
Deninu Ku’e First Nation, 404
Department of Agriculture (U.S.), 81–82
Department of Health, 197
Department of Interior (Canada), 63, 65–66, 74, 77–78, 87, 93
Department of Northern Affairs and National Resources, 8, 201, 226, 228, 230–32, 236–41, 243– 47, 249–50, 277
Department of Regional Economic Expansion, 241
Dettah, 381, 388–89, 391, 407
DeVilliers, Dr. A.J., 390–91
Dewailly, Eric, 421, 437, 447
Diavik Mine, 386
Diefenbaker, John, 4, 226, 228
disease, 5, 8–9, 15–16, 75, 189–91, 195–96, 303, 441–42, 446, 466, 500
Distant Early Warning (DEW) Line, 8, 9, 15, 90, 206, 232, 263–84, 423, 447, 500–501, 503–4, 506– 7, 510, 513
Dominion Explorers Limited (Domex), 134, 141–42, 154–55, 157
Douglas Bay (Great Bear Lake), 158–59
Douglas, George, 7, 131–32, 133, 135–37, 140–41, 152–63, 164–69, 505–6
Douglas, James, 140–41
E
Eagle Island (Great Slave Lake), 156, 159, 160, 162
ecology, 23–24, 27
Eeyou Istchee, 295, 297, 300, 303, 305, 307–8, 313, 315–21, 323–26, 509
Ekati Mine, 386
Elton, Charles, 23
environment, cultural images of, 107–8
environmental justice, 298, 300, 320
envirotech, 105–6, 125, 513
envirotechnical objects and systems, 104, 110–12, 125
epidemics, 189–90, 191, 212
Eskimo Point, 224, 231–32, 242–43. See also Arviat
ethnohistory, 304–5, 320–21
expertise, scientific, 424, 442–43, 446–47
F
family allowances, 9, 197, 204–6, 212–13, 225, 502
Finnie, O.S., 74–78, 84, 86, 88, 133, 187–88, 196
fire, 14, 15, 20, 24, 49, 157, 184, 363, 427, 500
firewood, 363, 506
fish, 15, 17, 25, 41, 54, 89, 147–48, 182, 184–87, 189–90, 192–93, 203, 210–11, 213, 236, 239, 242–43, 250, 321, 344, 346, 349, 352, 357, 359, 386–87, 393, 401, 433, 439, 484
Fisheries Research Board of Canada, 8, 24
food colonialism, 9, 182, 504
food, country, 8, 9, 17, 186, 188, 190–91, 194, 198, 201–2, 208, 210, 212–14, 242–43, 425–26, 437–42, 444–45, 447, 449, 452, 454
forestry, 79, 103, 307, 309, 313–14, 324
Fort Good Hope, 119, 198
Fort McPherson, 185, 193
Fort Providence, 193
Fort Resolution, 193, 209, 381, 393, 395–96, 403–5
Fort Ross, 194
fur trade, 5, 8, 17, 18, 23, 26, 70–71, 109–11, 147, 200, 204, 304, 322, 341, 395, 407, 474, 503
G
game management zones, 352, 353, 357
game reserves, 6, 15, 17
gangrene, 194–95
gardens (mission gardens), 198, 211
gender, 165, 271, 304, 438, 509, 513
Geological Survey of Canada, (GSC) 8, 20, 43, 46, 48, 56, 73, 91,
Giant Mine, 381, 384–85, 388–92, 393, 398, 399–403, 405, 407
Gibson, Roy, 196, 200, 204–5, 211
Glenora, British Columbia, 36–37, 40, 42–3, 45–48, 50–51, 53
globalization, 320, 484
Great Bear Lake, 2, 6, 26, 86, 122, 124, 133–34, 137, 140–41, 153–55, 157–59, 162, 165, 168–69, 186, 386, 507, 509
Great Slave Lake, 6, 111, 133–34, 137, 142, 149, 155–56, 158, 162, 165, 167–68, 190–91, 381, 384–87, 392, 394, 398, 405–6, 505, 507
growth pole, 241
Gwich’in, 183, 185
H
Hanbury, David, 185
Harper, Stephen, 308
Harrington, Richard, 196, 223, 225–27
Hay River, 192, 193, 237, 381, 393, 398, 403, 405
heavy metals, 380, 382–83, 387 393
Herschel Island, 186
high modernism, 9, 91, 266–68, 274, 281, 510
Hoare, W. H. B., 23
Hoffmann, Erich, 242
Hudson Bay, 195
Hudson’s Bay Company, 5, 19, 23, 25, 47, 72–74, 187–88, 197–200, 204, 206, 211, 231–32
Hunt, L.A.C.O., 201, 204
hunting rights, 344, 348–49, 360
Hydro Quebec, 296, 314, 315
hydroelectric projects, 9–11, 15, 17
I
ice blinks, 3, 4, 513
Iglauer, Edith, 242, 248
Indian Act, 68, 334, 341, 343–44
Indigenous people(s), 3, 5–6, 8, 11–4, 16–18, 21, 25–26, 28–29, 40–41, 50, 142, 146–47, 149, 152, 168, 186–88, 195–96, 198, 200–206, 208–9, 211–13, 226, 234, 239, 242, 251, 281–82, 298, 312, 333–34, 349
Industrial Division, 239, 242, 246, 249, 362, 365–6, 408, 426, 444–45, 447–48, 466, 471–79, 481, 501–4, 512–14
industry, military role in, 266–70, 275
influenza, 16, 69, 189–91, 194
Interdepartmental Reindeer Committee, 69, 78, 89–91
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), 466
International Polar Year, 186, 451
Inuit, 5, 9–10, 17–18, 21, 23–25, 27, 64–65, 67–72, 77–79, 84–85, 87–92, 151, 168, 185–88, 190, 192–96, 200–202, 204–6, 213, 223, 225–27, 230–32, 234–40, 242–44, 247–52, 282, 312, 395, 421–22, 427–28, 434, 436, 438–39, 442, 466–67, 471, 475, 479–80, 482, 484, 502–3
Inuit, and climate change, 466, 484
Inuit Circumpolar Conference/Council (ICC), 421, 466, 479
Inuvialuit, 10, 69, 88, 90, 186, 203, 207, 209, 281–82
J
Jackson, Sheldon, 67
James Bay, 11, 17, 28, 196, 206, 295, 303, 306–7, 309–10, 312–15, 319, 322, 501–2, 513
James Bay and Northern Quebec Agreement, 11, 17, 310–312, 313, 315, 323, 502
Jenness, Diamond, 70
Jennings, Francis, 303
Johnson, Joe, 357–60
jurisdiction, political, 334–35, 339, 346, 350–51, 359, 366
K
Kaanoowapmaakin, 297, 310–11, 317, 321–24, 326
K’atl’odeeche First Nation, 381, 393, 398
Kayoomyk, 195
Keewatin, 76, 86–87, 143, 196, 214, 223–28, 231–35, 239–44, 249–52, 317, 322, 395
Keith Arm (Great Bear Lake), 157
Kent, Margaret (also Witte, Peggy), 404–5
King, Thomas, 298–99
kinship, 340, 348, 361, 506, 511
Kivalliq, 223. See also Keewatin
Klondike Gold Rush, 4, 6, 16, 26, 36–37, 40–41, 54, 65, 506
Kluane First Nation (KFN), 335, 337, 345–46, 357–60, 361–63
knowledge, Indigenous, 8, 10–11, 13, 17–18, 24–27, 424–25, 441–43, 473–81, 508
knowledge, local, 10, 23, 115, 268, 281, 445, 452, 468–81, 484, 487, 509
knowledge, scientific, 10, 22–24, 64, 82, 92–93, 280, 424–25, 453, 482, 508, 513
L
LaBine, Gilbert, 141–42, 157
Lac Doré, 296
La Grande River, 310, 312
Laidlaw, Alexander, 247–49
Lake Athabasca, 134, 158
land claim agreements, 333–35, 342–43, 346, 349, 351, 365–66
land claims, 4, 10–11, 17–19, 25, 333, 341, 343, 349, 430, 503
lead (metal), 384, 386
Learmonth, L. A., 194
Lesage, Jean, 226, 249
Lopp, W. T., 73–74, 76
Lotz, Jim, 251
Lutselk’e (Snowdrift), 190
Lynn Lake, 236
M
Mackenzie Air Services, 123
Mackenzie and Mann (engineering firm), 42–47, 50
Mackenzie Delta, 10, 22, 26, 64, 69, 78–79, 84–90, 207, 242, 429,
Mackenzie District, 72, 104, 106–7, 109–15, 117–18, 121–25, 134, 143, 190, 201. See also Mackenzie River
Mackenzie River, 64, 68, 118, 133, 153, 156, 191, 198, 207, 233–34, 439
Mackenzie Valley Environmental Impact Review Board (MVEIRB), 401
Mackenzie Valley Pipeline Inquiry, 17, 24
Mackenzie, William, 42
Malaurie, Jean, 238
Mangilaluk, 69
Mann, Donald, 42
Martin, Calvin, 304
McClellan, Catharine, 340–41
McKeand, D. L., 196
McKibben, Bill, 249
Métis, 192, 202
Migratory Birds Convention, 6, 15
militarization, 9, 264, 275, 474
military, 4, 7–9, 16, 18–20, 24, 26, 93, 137, 203, 211, 261, 264, 266–77, 280–84, 304, 502–4, 511–12
miners, 4, 6, 16, 21, 26, 36, 38, 40–41, 47–55, 186, 234, 236, 386–87, 408, 500
mining, 8, 12, 15–16, 20–21, 378–408, 500–501, 503, 507
Mishigamish, 325
Mitchell, Timothy J., 230
mobility, 13, 26–7, 29
modernism; modernity, 9, 26, 91, 53–54, 106, 108, 126, 153, 155, 169, 233, 266–68, 281, 381, 434, 442, 510
Momaday, N. Scott, 297, 299
Moses, Myra, 181, 183
Mowat, Farley, 9, 196, 225–27
N
Nagle, Ed, 392
Nansen, Fridtjof, 426
National Indian Brotherhood, 391
Ndilo, 381, 388, 391, 400, 407
Negus Mine, 384–85, 388–89
Nelson, E. W., 75–81
Netsilingmiut, 195
Neville, F. J., 246
Norn, Charlie, 192
Norn, Frank, 192
North, as empty, 108, 116
North, as frontier, 108, 120
North, as heroic space, 120
North, as pristine, 423, 430, 438, 451, 454
North, as resource frontier, 107–8
North, definitions of, 3–4, 10, 21, 27–29, 107–8, 506, 510, 512
North, degrees of, 120
North, exceptionalism, 118–20
North Rankin Nickel Mining Company, 228, 234–35, 238, 249
Northern Aerial Mineral Exploration (NAME), 134, 154, 156–57
Northern Contaminants Program, 380, 440, 443–51, 503
Northern Coordination and Research Centre (NCRC), 232, 236, 238
nostalgia, 132, 153, 155, 163, 168
Nunavik, 437, 449
nutrition (nutritional science), 9, 24, 80, 182, 183–85, 189–91, 197–98, 200–214, 437, 440, 442, 445, 447, 504, 507, 510–11
O
odeyak, 11, 312
Ogilvie, William, 46
Ouje Bougoumou, 296, 309
outfitting concessions, 352, 355
Outpost Island, 386
P
Pablum, 204
Paix des braves, 314, 324, 502
Palmer, Lawrence, 75, 77, 79–84, 85, 87, 92
Pangnirtung, 194, 233
PCBs, 423–24, 429, 433–34, 437–38, 441
Peluso, Nancy, 339, 352, 361
Perroux, François, 241
persistent organic pollutants (POPs), 421, 423, 433–36, 448
petroleum, 10, 15, 509
Pett, L. B., 201
photography, 8, 9, 20, 22, 107–8, 164, 277
Pike, Warburton 44–46
Pine Point 381, 383–85, 393–94, 396, 398, 407
Pine Point Mine 381, 392–98, 403–6, 407
Pine Point Mines, Ltd. 392–93
Plan Nord 306–7, 316
polar bears 3, 5, 14, 18, 27, 198, 429, 434, 514
political ecology, 319–23, 513
Pond Inlet, 192–94
Porsild, Alf Erling, 6, 63–65, 73, 77–79, 84–89, 92–93, 508
Porsild, Robert, 6, 77–79, 84–86, 92, 508
Port Radium, 168, 186, 383–84
potlatch, 358
primitivism, 146–47, 149–51
property, 333–35, 349–50
provincial norths, 27, 37
Q
Quiet Revolution, 306
R
radioactive fallout, 427–29, 430
railways, 4, 36–37, 42–47, 51, 54–55, 111, 228, 394–95, 406, 500, 507, 509, 511
Rankin Inlet, 193, 206, 232, 235, 237, 239–40, 242–45, 250, 384
Rankin Inlet Nickel Mines, 384, 387, 395
rations, 188, 190–91, 200–204, 212–13, 502–3
reciprocity, 25, 321, 340, 348, 361–62, 506
reclamation (mines), 379–80, 393, 406
regional development, 228, 230, 241–44, 250, 378, 510
Reindeer Grazing Preserve, 69–70, 89
Reindeer Station, 64, 85, 89–91, 93
relief (government), 187–88, 193–94, 197, 200–205, 211–13, 395, 502–3
relocations, 16, 193–95, 213, 474, 502–4
remediation (mines), 379–84, 386, 398–402, 407–8
Renewable Resources Council, 344, 346, 349, 361, 364
residential schools, 9, 17, 21, 191–93, 198, 208, 210, 212, 506
Robertson, R. Gordon, 247, 394
Rowley, Graham, 21
Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP), 23, 40, 68, 109, 187, 190–91, 194, 200, 206–8, 231–32, 250
Royal Commission on Canada’s Economic Prospects, 241
Royal Commission on Muskox and Reindeer, 71–72, 74, 84, 87
Royal Oak Mines, 399, 405
Rudnicki, Walter, 231–32, 249, 252
Rupert River, 314–15
Russell Bay (Great Bear Lake), 157
Russian Arctic, 423
S
Saami, 64, 67, 73, 78–79, 81–82, 84–85, 87–89, 508
Sack, Robert, 334–35, 338, 340, 357
scale (of analysis), 13–14, 54, 121, 242, 251, 266, 283, 298–99, 301, 352, 425, 448, 467–73, 477, 480, 487
Schaefer, Otto, 212
Schweitzer, Doug, 249–50
Scott, James, 54, 267
Second World War, 7, 18, 26, 65, 93, 168, 200, 213, 227–29, 242, 265, 269, 271, 275, 322, 384, 387–88
self-government (Indigenous), 4, 10–11, 247, 333–35, 341–44, 350, 365–66
settlement lands, 335, 337, 349–51, 357, 363
sharing accords, 348, 359–60, 362
Sifton, Clifford, 42–44, 50
Sivertz, Ben, 201–2, 204, 206
Skagway, Alaska, 36
Slave Lake Gold Mines, 386
Snap Lake Diamond Mine, 386
Snowden, Donald, 239, 242, 246, 248–49, 251–52
Somerset Peninsula, 194
sovereignty, 17–18, 24, 65, 200, 297, 308, 316, 318, 324, 348, 365, 471
starvation, 8–9, 66, 148, 151, 185, 190, 193–94, 213, 223, 225–27, 230–32, 234, 239, 244, 248, 501
Stefansson, Vilhjalmur, 71–74, 76, 78, 91, 141
Stevenson, David, 236–37
Stikine route, 36, 38, 42–47. See also Teslin Trail
Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs), 448, 479
Suluk, Thomas, 248
surveys (health, nutrition), 6, 197, 207–10, 212–13, 391, 434, 437, 439, 502
sustainability, 228–30, 240, 250, 252, 408
sustainable development, 18, 227, 229, 239–40, 243, 249, 252, 502–3
T
Tahltan, 40, 50
Tamerlane Ventures, 403–4
technology, 104–5, 119–20, 125–26
technopolitics, 266, 269–70, 280, 283–84
Telegraph Creek, 35–37, 39–40, 42, 47, 50–51
territory; territoriality, 334–35, 338–39, 340, 344, 351–60, 361–64, 365–66
Teslin Trail, 37, 40–41, 47–53. See also Stikine route
Teslin, Yukon Territory, 37, 40, 42–47, 51, 54. See also Teslin Lake
Thongchai Winichakul, 338, 351
Thubun River, 162
Tisdall, Frederick, 198–99
Tlingit, 38, 49–50
Topographical Survey of Canada, 133, 138, 142
toxicology, 422, 425, 435, 440, 445, 447, 452
toxins, 210, 380, 387
traces (inscriptions), 136–37, 149, 151, 153, 158–59, 162, 167–68
traditional territory, 315, 335–37, 344–50, 357–58, 361, 364, 401
trapping concessions, 352, 356–57
Treaty 8, 190, 392
Treaty 11, 68, 190
“tribe”, the problem of, 340
trichinosis, 194–95
Trudeau, Pierre, 241
Tsiigehtchic (Arctic Red River), 185
tuberculosis, 196, 200–201, 203–4, 207–8, 214
Tungsten, Northwest Territories, 236
Turner, Frederic Jackson, 307
Turner, John Herbert, 42–45
V
Vandergeest, Peter, 339, 352, 361
Vermont, 314–15
vitamins, 195, 197–98, 203, 206, 210–11
W
walrus, 192, 194–95
Waswanipi, 324
watery geographies, 110–12
Watt-Cloutier, Sheila, 421, 425, 438, 448, 466, 479
Welcome to Pine Point (National Film Board documentary), 381
Wensley, Gordon, 244
Western Electric Company, 261–84
Whale Cove, 224, 242–43
whaling, 14, 26, 67–68, 192, 466
Whitehorse Mining Initiative, 407
White River First Nation (WRFN), 360
wildlife science, 22
“will to improve”, 227, 230, 249, 471
Williamson, Robert G., 232–38, 244
Willis, J. S., 201
Wood Buffalo National Park, 5, 15, 186, 242
World Bank, 319
Wrangell, Alaska, 38, 42, 47, 49–51
X
X–ray, 207
Y
Yellowknife, 12, 15, 158, 161, 165, 168, 193, 236–37, 381–82, 384–86, 388–91, 397, 399, 401–2, 405, 407
Yellowknives Dene (First Nation), 388–89, 392, 400–402
Yukon-Canadian Railway, 44, 51, 53
Yukon River, 36, 40, 42
Yukon Territory, 501–2, 506, 510–11
Yukon Umbrella Final Agreement (UFA), 11, 342
Z
zinc, 111, 381, 383–84, 386–87, 392–94, 403–4
“zombie” mines, 12, 380–81, 384, 407–8, 506