Index
A
Abel, Jordan, 27, 31, 38, 54, 111, 121, 142-149, 154, 206, 347, 360, 376
Acree, William G. Jr., 50
Adamson, Gil, 9, 32-33, 42, 173, 305, 307, 314-315, 326n, 335-341, 344, 347-349, 352, 361-363, 368, 372, 376
agriculture, 77-79, 103, 111, 169, 187-189, 350, 364
Alaska, 38-39, 100-101, 169, 174
Alberta, 2, 14, 26, 45, 65, 73, 75, 90, 107, 164-165, 282, 305, 331, 342, 349, 360, 362, 364, 366, 370
alcohol, 42, 104, 184-185, 187, 203, 303-304, 331, 354, 356-358, 364
Allan, Luke (William Lacey Amy), 139n, 160
Allen, Chadwick, 54n
Altman, Rick, 31n, 55-62, 84n, 86, 159, 191, 194, 243, 248
Altman, Robert, 36n, 106, 257n
Anderson, Benedict, 14, 74, 170n
Anderson, Paul Thomas, 36, 349
Andrews, Jennifer, 51, 128-131, 134, 136
anti-Americanism, 45, 134-135, 214-219
Appadurai, Arjun, 4-5, 28n, 44, 55, 78, 105n, 117, 177-179, 254, 273, 277, 374
archetypes, 21, 23 35, 57, 86, 186
archives, 29, 207-208, 213, 227-228, 232, 240, 374
Arnold, Gary, 341
Atwood, Margaret, 11, 26, 32, 135, 221, 225, 246, 252-253, 259, 281, 311
B
Babiak, Peter, 264
Baden-Powell, Robert, 14, 199, 200n
Baker, Richard G., 157, 183n, 331
Barnett, LeRoy, 95
Barnholden, Michael, 138
Barrera, Jorge, 143
Bartlett, Brian, 94n
Bazin, André, 2
Bechtel, Greg, 124
Beebee, Thomas O., 57, 60-61, 196
Bélanger, Damien-Claude, 225n
Bellah, James Warner, 235
Berlin, Isaiah, 9
Berton, Pierre, 58, 66, 102, 159-161, 170-171, 280
Betz, Virginia Marie, 50
Billy the Kid, 3, 11, 19, 25, 30, 32, 38, 41, 59, 61, 65, 71, 120, 136-137, 173, 225-226, 246, 255-259, 262-263, 268-269, 279, 292, 304, 307, 312, 313, 330-332
Black, Conrad, 130n
Blackness, 48, 49n, 59, 80, 106, 246, 264, 302, 334, 341; Black cowboys 3, 51, 288
Blaise, Clark, 98, 99-100, 108, 168, 299
Bledstein, Burton J., 247
Bold, Christine, 48-49, 52-53, 74, 111, 113, 170, 186n, 211-212, 297n
Boone, Daniel, 37
borders, 7, 16, 29, 41, 52-55, 59-62, 73, 78, 113, 129, 160, 178-179, 181, 211, 218, 246, 248, 252, 282; Canada-US border, 3n, 12, 15, 24, 52, 59, 63-65, 73, 99, 101, 111, 129, 134, 159-160, 179-183, 190, 252, 254, 275, 277, 280-282, 289, 295, 334, 348, 374-375; US-Mexico border, 3n, 15n, 26, 29, 50, 350
Boschman, Robert, 305n
Bowering, George, 26, 32, 41, 59, 74, 170, 191, 225, 232, 246, 248-249, 269, 279-296, 307, 309, 367, 374
Boy Scouts, 14, 158, 191-193, 196-197, 199-201, 203
Boyd, Shelley, 66n
Boym, Svetlana, 4-5, 45, 47, 52n, 99, 254, 273-274, 293, 373
Bozak, Nadia, 25-27, 33, 333, 347
Braidotti, Rosi, 309-310, 316, 323, 328, 336, 338-339, 341
Braudy, Leo, 56
Braz, Albert, 274
Brégent-Heald, Dominique, 76, 156-157, 160, 166, 168, 280
Breitbach, Julia, 119n
Brim, Connie, 126
British Columbia, 73, 133, 184, 214-215, 259, 280-281, 283, 366, 374
British. see United Kingdom
Broad, Graham, 209
Brode, Douglas, 8
Brown, Kirby, 148
Brown, Wendy, 13
buffalo, 4, 77, 94-96, 99-100, 102, 108, 125, 140, 315, 332
Bush, George W., 13
Butts, Edward, 174
C
Calder, Alison, 31, 69, 75-77, 79, 111
Calgary Stampede, 19n, 20, 31, 45, 78-80
Campagna brothers (Jeff and Matthew), 93, 107, 343, 346, 363, 373
Campbell, Maria, 309
capitalism, 13, 32n, 33n, 34, 36n, 48, 54-55, 57, 72, 123, 168-169, 178-179, 186n, 189, 224n, 246, 264, 310, 351-352, 355, 357, 376
Caple, Natalee, 27n, 33, 302n, 333n, 347n
car culture, 34, 78, 99, 116, 306, 364-372
Carrera, Isabel, 248, 283-284, 292
cattle, 16, 23, 125, 133, 178, 233, 240, 306
Cawelti, John G., 49, 226, 249
celebrity, 35, 38, 80, 115, 120-121, 129-130, 137, 140, 165, 171, 234, 257-258, 270, 274, 278, 342, 369
Charles, Ron, 344n
Chester, Blanca, 148
China, 46, 314; Chinese people, 46, 89, 287, 331
Chirica, Irina, 298n
Chrétien, Jean, 13
Christianity, 27n, 39, 68, 119, 130-131, 153, 155-158, 162-165, 171, 175-177, 184, 190, 201-203, 205, 241-242, 265-267, 301, 314, 326, 342; missionaries, 38, 68, 104, 162, 164, 166, 175-176, 183-184, 192, 301-302, 304, 325-326; Muscular Christianity, 27n, 32, 39, 87, 154, 158, 161, 175, 196, 206, 228, 340, 356, 375; preachers, 106, 265, 321-322, 115, 288
Christie, Stuart, 118
Clarke, Michael Tavel, 6n, 43-44
climate change, 8, 34-35, 103, 108, 339, 350, 365, 368n
Cody, Buffalo Bill, 4-5, 20, 61, 80, 85n, 112, 138-142, 159, 168, 257n, 274
Cody, H. A., 3n, 14, 17, 26, 39-40, 58, 60-61, 66-68, 74, 80, 104-105, 107-108, 156-158, 161-165, 167, 169-177, 188n, 190-203, 205-206, 217, 374-375
Cohen, Esther, 331n,
Cohen, Margaret, 55
Coleman, Daniel, 39, 102, 154, 158, 175, 203, 317, 345
Collin, Yvette Running Horse, 308, 319
colonialism, 7-9, 30-31, 33, 37-39, 78-79, 89-90, 92, 94-96, 104-105, 113, 116n, 125-126, 133, 135-136, 139, 141-142, 145-148, 151-156, 167, 169, 175-179, 239-240, 251-252, 272-273, 277-278, 286-287, 300-301, 307-309, 320-321, 345, 352, 359n, 361, 364-367, 373-377
comics, 10, 29-30, 55, 134n, 159, 170, 208, 210-211, 213-218, 258, 265, 270n, 283, 299, 332, 342
Connor, Ralph (Charles W. Gordon), 3n, 7n, 10, 14, 16, 26, 37, 39-40, 58, 61, 65-70, 87, 90, 92n, 104, 108, 156-158, 161-172, 175-177, 179-190, 200n, 201-203, 205-206, 349, 374-375
conservatism, 9-14, 20, 33, 35, 49, 68, 75, 76, 79, 90, 114, 123, 127, 131, 157, 175, 192, 214-215, 233, 351-352, 365, 376
Conway, Christopher, 21, 25n, 29, 50, 86, 297n
Cook, Pam, 120
Cooley, Dennis, 61, 226, 257-258
Cooper, Catherine, 4, 8, 21, 138
Cooper, Courtney Ryley, 90-91, 93, 100-101
Cooper, James Fenimore, 37, 50, 80, 186, 192, 329n
Cordell, Sigrid Anderson, 303
cowboys, 1-2, 4, 6, 22-23, 32, 41, 50, 61, 77, 82n, 85-86, 98, 125-127, 133, 135, 137, 150, 160, 173, 183n, 217, 229, 240, 252, 269, 271, 285-286, 297, 307-309, 316, 322, 341, 369
Cowboys for Trump, 15, 57, 350
Cox, James H., 133
Craig, Terrence, 164
Crane, Susan, 316
Curwood, James Oliver, 156-157, 159, 163, 166-168, 203
Custer, George, 38, 63, 121-122
D
Daniells, Roy, 165
Daniels, Bruce C., 12, 134-136
Daniels, Rudolph, 101
Darias-Beautell, Eva, 6
Davey, Frank, 32n, 41, 56n, 81n, 82n, 103, 112n, 138n, 144, 221-223, 225, 246, 248, 254, 269-279, 285, 287, 294
Davidson, Arnold E., 128-131, 134, 136
Dawson, Michael, 48n, 161, 163, 166, 169-171, 175, 203, 209, 212
decolonization, 22, 30-31, 33, 53-54, 59, 125-126, 153, 193, 215, 249, 254, 282, 287, 295, 300, 308-309, 330, 361, 367, 374, 376
democracy, 16, 31, 47, 85n, 128, 167, 169, 297n-298n
Deranger, Susana, 31
Derrida, Jacques, 59, 103, 250
Desmarais, Mary-Dailey, 20n, 28n, 38, 85n, 134n
deWitt, Patrick, 19, 27, 42, 160n, 173, 343-344, 347-348, 358, 360, 372, 374, 376
Dinka, Nicholas, 306
disease, 41, 304, 326-327, 368
dogs, 127-128, 230-231, 267-268, 328, 333, 344
Drainie, Bronwyn, 337
Druick, Zöe, 210
Duignan, Brian, 264
Dummitt, Christopher, 164, 172, 175, 187
Dumont, Gabriel, 80, 112n, 137-142, 149, 154, 206, 270, 272, 274, 348, 375
Durante, Jaymes, 153
Dwyer, Carlota Cárdenas de, 49
Dwyer, Tessa, 34n
E
East, 2, 21, 39, 45-49, 73-76, 80, 95, 98, 101, 155, 157, 161, 175, 184, 192, 197, 206-207, 240-241, 281, 285-286, 289-295, 309, 348, 360, 367, 373-374
Eastwood, Clint, 22n, 23, 29, 33, 35, 36n, 46, 58-59, 61, 87, 106-107, 112, 138, 155, 173, 193n, 205, 230, 232, 246, 254-255, 264-269, 311n, 321, 323n, 330, 337, 341, 351, 365
ecocriticism, 42, 46, 266, 268, 348, 351, 354-356, 364-365
Eden. see garden myths
Edwards, Justin D., 317
Eggleston, Wilfrid, 6n
Ellingson, Chloë, 97
Elliott, Alicia, 216n
Emerson, Ralph Waldo, 127, 298
Eneas, Brian, 151
environment, 7-8, 34-35, 43, 70, 96-97, 117, 137, 304-305, 309, 336, 344, 348, 350, 363, 369, 372-373,
Erdrich, Louise, 112, 116-118, 120n
Evans, David H., 119, 121, 299-300
Eyre, Chris, 120n
F
Fagan, Kristina, 135
Farquharson, Danine, 2
Farrow, John, 122
Fee, Margery, 7, 89, 133n, 135
Fehrle, Johannes, 17n, 25n, 73, 131n, 246n, 305
Ferrara, Alessandro, 271n
film, 10, 27n, 28-30, 35, 61-62, 107-108, 115-116, 122-123, 134, 136, 213-214, 273, 300, 307, 311, 320, 323-324
Findlay, Len, 52n
Fisher, Jaimey, 84
FitzMaurice, Kevin, 11n
Flaherty, Kathleen, 129
Ford, John, 10, 39, 48, 87, 89, 119, 122, 149-154, 173, 206, 250, 307, 375
Fowler, Alastair, 84
Francis, Daniel, 50, 52n, 63, 111, 270
Frankiewicz, Shane Joseph Willis, 49n, 59
Frayling, Christopher, 16, 19, 47-48
freedom, 9, 17, 44, 47, 51n, 93, 96, 103, 133, 146-147, 185, 189, 239, 286, 288, 297-298, 311, 315, 341, 367, 371; free trade, 9, 135, 207, 272
French, Warren, 316n
French Canadians, 142, 166, 170, 183, 277, 279-288, 291-293
Freud, Sigmund, 36, 232, 267, 299, 314, 337
frontiers, 6, 8-9, 11n, 14-18, 23n, 49, 63-75, 88-103, 168-169, 246-247, 297n, 327, 349, 367, 377
Frye, Northrop, 21, 49, 57-58, 63, 69-72, 76, 84, 135, 138n, 292, 350
fur trade, 23n, 87, 95, 98, 178-179, 192, 280, 285, 306
Furlong, Dayle, 2n, 25-26, 27, 33, 42, 347-348, 360, 374
G
Gaberscek, Carlo, 47
Galan, F. W., 56
garden myths, 7, 66-68, 75, 87, 198, 286, 342, 364
Garrett, Pat, 71, 173, 256-257, 262, 304
Garrett-Petts, W. F., 287
garrison mentality, 49, 63, 69-71, 76
Gassett, Ortega y, 61
gender, 32, 40, 85, 107, 139, 175, 193, 220, 227, 231, 247, 249, 261, 266, 281-284, 288, 291, 338, 351, 358, 366, 371; feminism, 32, 264, 282, 291-293, 305, 340; masculinity, 153, 203, 232, 284, 294, 298, 337-340, 350-352, 356-359, 362-363, 365, 368, 372; women, 32-33, 48, 86, 107, 142, 150-153, 170, 190-191, 209, 260, 283-284, 291, 294, 303, 312, 337, 348, 351, 363, 366-368, 371, 375
genre, 3, 21-24, 29, 34-35, 55-63, 72-73, 81-87, 119, 160, 175, 193n, 194-197, 203, 219-221, 226-228, 239, 246-253, 287, 336, 375; adaptation, 36, 62, 77n, 83n, 88, 107, 120n, 161, 167, 250, 253, 318, 341, 347, 360n, 363n, American Westerns, 4, 19, 24-25, 28, 31, 37, 41, 65, 108, 112, 137, 183, 246, 303; anti-Westerns, 16, 51, 70, 72, 214, 249; Australian Westerns, 19; Canadian Westerns, 6-7, 10n, 18-19, 24-30, 56-59, 68, 73, 87-88, 179, 225, 245-247, 300, 349; cavalry Westerns, 14, 23, 306; Christian Westerns, 27; cop movies, 22, 58, 254; detective fiction, 86, 119, 160, 211, 227-228, 236-240; Eastern Westerns, 245-246; epic, 22, 31, 36, 57-58, 82-83, 89, 122, 195, 251, 284, 306, 311-312, 316, 339, 359; fantasy, 85, 120-121, 132-133, 203; Gothic, 250, 253, 335; Harlequin romance, 27, 85, 283, 286; historical Westerns, 60, 87, 178, 299-301, 304-305, 309-311, 324, 345; historiographic metafiction, 59-60, 258, 312, 354; homage, 18-19, 35, 237; Indo Westerns, 19, 46; Italian Westerns, 44, 46-47, 58, 123 193, 230; literary Westerns, 3, 21, 30, 60-64, 72, 118-119, 206, 245, 335, 375; magic realism, 38, 121, 131; melodrama, 58, 84-85, 164, 191-192, 248; Mexican Westerns, 3n, 25n, 29-30, 50; mode, 27n, 82-84, 119n, 191n, 197, 220-221, 226, 247-248, 250; myth, 16-17, 55-57, 60, 69-72, 297-305, 345; noir, 2n, 84, 194, 236, 313; Northerns or Northwesterns, 18, 39, 59, 65 156, 159-171, 190, 246, 328; parody, 13, 16, 18-19, 24, 32, 84, 129, 220-229, 237, 242, 248, 265, 269, 287, 364; post-Westerns, 2n, 17n, 22-27, 41, 61, 86, 36n, 112, 119, 248-250, 253, 266, 300-301, 309, 324, 345, 343, 350, 373-374, 376; Prairie fiction, 7n, 64, 69, 76-79, 81-83, 87, 108, 111; pulp, 10, 29-30, 35, 40, 61, 63, 74, 159-160, 164, 166, 191, 201-228, 315, 349, 374; realism, 23-25, 46, 56, 81-87, 108, 131, 200, 264; revisionist Westerns, 24-25, 49n, 60, 62, 83, 91, 119, 121, 243, 257, 269, 299-300, 345, 350, 352, 372, 375; romance, 22, 27, 57-58, 85, 183, 195, 248, 292, 302, 316, 339; science fiction, 85, 223, 248, 311, 328, 335, 373, 377; space Westerns, 84, 194, 335, 341; Soviet Westerns, 46, 47, 123
ghosts, 106, 249-270, 292, 321, 337; ghost towns 1, 2n, 252-253, 311, 373
Gittings, Christopher, 162
globalization, 5, 8, 14, 28n, 43, 47-48 52-55, 75, 77, 135, 160, 176-179, 190, 269, 276, 377; see also transnationalism
gold, 35, 37, 78, 88, 145n, 169, 246n, 267, 309, 343-344, 348, 350, 353-365
Goldie, Terry, 144
Gottfriedson, Garry, 111, 125-126, 149, 154, 206, 329-330, 376
Grace, Sherrill E., 2n, 18, 64, 74, 89-90
Grant, Shelagh D., 91n
Grey, Zane, 10, 22, 146, 186, 191n
Gruber, Frank, 23n
guns, 4, 69, 86, 120, 151-153, 170, 180-186, 210, 231, 233, 235, 237, 240-241, 259-264, 287, 297, 332, 342
H
Hackworth, Jason, 13n
Hamilton, Edith, 314
Haraway, Donna, 307n, 309-310, 316
Harper, Stephen, 13-16, 90-91, 101, 349, 361
Harrison, Dick, 19n, 64-74, 82, 169, 186-187, 286, 295-296
hats, 2, 6, 13, 18, 24, 77-78, 84, 124, 133n, 137, 173, 196, 205, 217, 220, 229, 265, 284, 294
Hawley, Alix, 27, 33, 37, 137n, 347
Healey, Michael, 91
heroes, 2, 14, 18, 40, 57, 68, 70, 83, 87, 126, 137, 142, 149, 158-159, 171-172, 205, 237, 250-251, 276-279, 281, 292, 298, 337, 351-352, 357; anti-heroes, 11, 39-40, 50, 161, 234, 245, 250, 265-269
Herzog, Charlotte Cornelia, 1, 360n
Heumann, Joseph K., 266, 268, 310n, 348-351, 362
high/low culture, 3n, 29-30, 61, 216-217, 219, 227, 235, 247-248, 278, 283, 374
Hillhouse, Emily, 46
Hitt, Sarah, 2
Holcomb, Rod, 299n
Hollywood. see film
Holmberg, David, 359
home, 4-5, 8-9, 31, 48, 99, 176, 273, 288, 293, 344n, 348, 356, 367, 372
“Home on the Range,” 4, 8, 138, 325
Hopkins, Pauline, 59
Hopson, Travis, 153
Horowitz, Josh, 297
horses, 50, 106-107, 116, 230-232, 302, 305-311, 314-335, 336, 344-345, 368-370; contrasted with motorized vehicles, 115-116, 188, 252, 286, 306, 308, 309, 323, 367-368, 370; horse opera, 42, 306, 271; horse-human hybrids, 230, 315-320, 323-326, 333-334, 372; Horsemen of the Apocalypse, 265-266, 321-323
Howell, Charlotte E., 26
Hulan, Renée, 114
Hutcheon, Linda, 59-61, 146, 220-227, 229, 237, 245-247, 257-258, 273-274, 279, 312
Hutchison, Don, 166-167, 169, 171
I
ideology, 10, 36-39, 57-61, 70-72, 89, 136, 175, 183-184, 264
immigrants, 16, 31n, 48-49, 52-53, 71, 89, 160, 168, 170, 254
imperialism. see colonization
Iñárritu, Alejandro, 106, 121, 328-329
Indick, William, 35
Indigenous peoples, 7, 38-39, 51-54, 97, 111-154, 170, 174-175, 177, 238-255, 269-279, 282-283, 286-287, 300, 308-309, 317-318, 345, 361, 375-376
individualism, 70-71, 160-161, 167, 211, 297-298
Interlandi, Jeneen, 51n
Internet, 61, 134, 144, 190, 209
Inuit, 88-89, 108, 111, 149-154, 158, 277
isolation, 18, 21, 23n, 49, 66, 71, 80, 88, 149, 195, 211
isolationism, 8, 19, 21, 47, 349, 376
J
James, Jesse, 65, 136-137, 171, 259-264
Jameson, Fredric, 4, 33n-34n, 36n 44, 57, 61, 221-223, 226, 246, 254, 273-274
Jennings, John, 3, 77, 95, 162n,
Jiles, Paulette, 26, 29, 32, 33, 38, 41, 59, 136, 160n, 225, 246, 250, 253-254, 259-265, 269, 279, 319n, 321n, 373-374
Johnston, Carrie, 303n
Joudrey, Susan L., 78
Justice, Daniel Heath, 112-113, 272n
K
Kamboureli, Smaro, 6n, 257, 278
Kane, Thomas H., 121
Katerberg, William H., 14-15, 18, 63-65, 68, 73, 160, 185,
Keahey, Deborah, 8n
Keefer, Janice Kulyk, 75
Keene, Adrienne, 143n
Kelly, Robert A., 169
Khan, Shahrukh, 146
Killingsworth, Colleen, 79n
King, Thomas, 10, 22, 27, 37-38, 51-43, 59, 80, 94-96, 105, 108, 111, 113-116, 118-137, 143, 146, 149, 154, 160n, 175, 205-206, 225, 246, 250-251, 253, 254, 256, 270, 278, 282, 300, 312, 319n, 320, 360, 374-376
Knight, Chris, 89
Kollin, Susan, 91
Kolodny, Annette, 66n, 298, 303, 326, 338
Kopecky, Arno, 133n
Kreisel, Henry, 69
Kroetsch, Robert, 40, 42, 69, 76-78, 185n, 210, 221-222, 246, 256n, 281, 314, 317, 319, 323, 347, 348, 353-357, 374
Kulbach, René L., 332
Kunuk, Zacharias, 88-89, 108, 111, 124, 149-150, 154, 206, 348, 375-376
L
landscape, 2, 5, 17, 47, 66-67, 69-71, 76, 79, 92, 101, 103-109, 137-138, 143, 149, 177-178, 183, 252, 268, 281, 286, 298n, 305, 338-340, 352, 362, 365-366
LaRocque, Emma, 120n, 124-125, 271-272, 278
Le Cain, Maximilian, 257n
Lecker, Robert, 81
left (political). see liberalism
Leone, Sergio, 44, 48-49, 59, 87, 93, 173, 265, 358
liberalism, 8-14, 33, 90, 114, 123, 157, 332, 335, 341, 361, 376
Lincoln, Kenneth, 51
London, Jack, 39, 157, 159, 163, 165-166, 328n, 333n,
Lone Ranger, 1-2, 118, 120, 128, 131-132, 170, 217, 243, 302
Loo, Tina, 209, 211, 213, 215-216
Lu, Jie, 24
Lusty, Terry, 330
M
MacKenzie, David Bruce Hollis, 9n, 36n
MacLaren, Eli, 38n, 162-163, 165-166, 179, 182-184
MacSkimming, Roy, 208, 209, 217
magazines, 10, 29-30, 40, 146, 162, 164, 166, 191, 201-202, 207-243, 269, 283, 349n, 374
Mandel, Eli, 5n
Manifest Destiny, 39, 52, 68, 73n, 100, 105, 135, 147, 169, 174-175, 183, 190, 342
Manitoba, 88, 90, 138-139, 165, 269-270
Mannell, Julie, 146
mapping as metaphor, 5, 17, 24n, 33-34, 78, 81-82, 90, 92, 102, 156, 267, 285, 291, 368
Marovitz, Sanford E., 20n, 82n, 83n, 85n
Marubbio, M. Elise, 38n
Marx, Leo, 66n
mass media, 16, 20, 52, 118, 122, 129-130, 134, 142, 161, 166, 209, 214-215, 217, 258, 270-274, 352
McCarthy, Cormac, 4n, 26, 196-197, 206, 253, 307, 322, 366
McGee, Patrick, 10n, 49n, 83, 172n
McGimpsey, David, 107n
McKanna, Clare V. Jr., 303-304
McKay, Don, 1-2, 94, 96-98, 108, 339, 367
McKegney, Sam, 135
mclennan, rob, 148
McMahon, Ryan, 144
McNaron, David L., 205
Medicine Line. see borders: Canada-US
Meeuf, Russell, 123
Métis, 137-141, 154, 174, 269, 277, 279
Mexal, Stephen J., 82
Mexico, 3n, 17, 47, 49-50, 59, 72, 78, 155, 283, 342
Miles, D. O., 9n
mining, 42, 83, 97, 169, 184-185, 265-269, 305, 335-341, 349-354, 358, 360-365, 368
Mitchell, Lee Clark, 3, 16-17, 19, 22-23, 26-27, 36n, 65, 226
modernism, 12, 40, 81-82, 222, 247, 252-258, 269, 277; anti-modernism, 36, 48, 50, 76-77, 93, 192, 210, 226, 252, 269, 328
modernity, 5, 49, 55, 79, 108-109, 115-116, 176-177, 252-253, 277, 293-294, 308, 343, 350, 365, 374, 376-377; modernization, 34, 49, 80, 100, 161, 226-227, 360
Monkman, Leslie, 111
Mora, Carlos, 50
Moretti, Franco, 19, 43-44, 62, 86
Morton, W. L., 165
Moss, Laura, 31
Motyka, John, 313
mountains, 91, 102, 106, 133, 184, 202, 305, 314, 338-340, 351, 356, 362-363
Mounties. see policing: Royal Canadian Mounted Police
Mowat, Farley, 91
multiculturalism, 11, 15, 80, 139, 272-274, 278-279
Murphy, Kathleen, 268
Murray, Robin L., 266, 268, 310n, 348-351, 362
music, 4, 8, 128, 171, 194, 217, 275-276, 353, 357, 360, 364
N
nationalism, 7, 11, 31, 37, 52-53, 56, 59, 73, 77, 81-82, 135-136, 142, 165, 175, 183, 190, 206, 210, 272-273, 311
neoliberalism, 13, 16, 52, 54, 246, 310, 349-351
Nestruck, J. Kelly, 141
New, W. H., 100n
Newfoundland, 1-2, 5, 26, 34, 75, 88, 94n, 360, 373-374
Newman, Judie, 123
Ngai, Sianne, 145n
Nichol, bp, 3n, 11, 25n, 30, 32, 38, 136, 225, 246, 255-256, 259, 279, 294, 312, 373
Nischik, Reingard M., 40
North, 2, 17-18, 39, 65-66, 72, 74-75, 87-91, 96-97, 100-103, 108, 149-150, 153, 157-158, 166-168, 203, 289, 353
North-West Mounted Police. see policing: North-West Mounted Police
North-West Resistance, 38, 65, 80, 128, 174, 270, 275-276
North-West Territories, 66, 73, 101, 305
nostalgia, 2, 4-5, 15, 30, 44-49, 56, 75, 78, 119-121, 197, 226, 241, 252-254, 273-275, 279, 293-296, 367
O
oil, 2, 33-37, 42, 305, 343, 348-350, 354-358, 363-366
Ondaatje, Michael, 3, 5, 11, 19, 30, 38, 41, 59, 61, 70-71, 136, 160, 173, 225-226, 246, 250, 253-259, 262-263, 268-269, 279, 292, 294, 304, 313, 330, 335, 337, 373-374
Ontario, 65, 67, 101, 164-165, 168, 187, 200n, 270, 276, 359n
outlaw/lawman figures, 22n, 26, 39, 58, 138, 155, 169-174, 184, 190, 198, 203, 205-208, 213, 220, 231-232, 236, 238, 242, 253, 283, 288, 303, 332, 336
P
past, 5, 48-49, 75-81, 93-94, 99, 120, 124, 222-226, 252-253, 259, 294-295, 367, 373
Pearson, Sarina, 19n
Peckinpah, Sam, 249, 256-257, 259, 307
Percy, Owen, 31
Phillips, William, 19, 107, 331, 347
Pippin, Robert B., 127
Polack, Fiona, 2
Polić, Vanja, 303n, 312, 352, 361
policing, 18, 86, 100n, 151, 166, 170, 173, 190, 207, 210, 214-215, 219-220, 233-237, 253, 330, 373; North-West Mounted Police, 38, 66, 155, 161, 171, 179, 184-188, 304, 333, 364; Royal Canadian Mounted Police, 18, 23n, 56, 65, 69-72, 155-163, 165-171, 176, 179-181, 184-186, 203, 205, 209-210, 235, 294
pornography, 30, 209, 215, 248, 283-284
post-colonialism. see decolonization
post-humanism, 249, 307-310, 316, 323, 328, 336-341, 373
postmodernism, 22, 40-41, 59, 79-80, 219-228, 245-296, 300, 312-313, 373-376
Prats, Armando José, 111
Price, Luke, 10n, 74, 160n, 203, 212, 219, 223, 227, 229, 241-242, 315n, 374
Q
Quam-Wickham, Nancy, 350-351, 360
Quebec, 18n, 19n, 97, 270, 279-296, 367
R
race, 88, 106, 124, 128, 131, 149, 151, 154, 176, 183, 194, 238-241, 247, 254, 269, 272, 275, 374, 375
railways, 39, 64, 73, 80, 88-89, 92-101,108-109, 115, 155-156, 159, 168, 177, 184, 187-190, 202, 245, 252, 260, 308, 314, 364, 367
range. see landscape
Reagan, Ronald, 12-13, 160, 224, 349-350
realism. see genre and mode
Redekop, Magdalene, 201n
regionalism, 5n, 8n, 15, 18, 46, 73-88, 103, 253-255, 285, 292, 374, 377
Richler, Mordecai, 277
Rieder, John, 22n
Riel, Louis, 80, 112n, 128, 137-142, 269-279, 305n
Rifkind, Candida, 39, 154, 158, 163, 165-166, 196, 203
right (political). see conservatism
Ripplinger, Sarah, 329
Roberts, Katherine Ann, 3, 7, 32-33, 73, 304n-305, 325-326, 328
Robinson, Harry, 308
rodeo, 19, 32, 79-80, 125-126, 285
Rodness, Roshayaid, 129
Roosevelt, Theodore, 49, 162, 165, 168, 170, 179-182
Ropa, Anastasija, 316
rural-urban relationships, 22, 50, 75-77, 79, 98, 160-161
Russia, 6, 8, 38, 46-47, 100, 123, 174
S
saloons, 85-86, 115n, 173, 184-185, 187, 353, 356-357, 362
Samutina, Natalia, 193n
Saskatchewan, 58, 65, 90, 107, 138, 167, 174, 207, 282, 330
scale, 5-6, 43-45, 82, 177-178, 190, 196
Schneider, Reisa, 125
Scholes, Robert, 23-24, 33, 84-85, 247n
Schroeder, Jonathan David Shelly, 81n
Sealey, D. Bruce, 304
Seesengood, Robert Paul, 266
Service, Robert, 160, 163, 353-355, 357
settlement, 7, 31, 33-34, 39, 47, 52, 64-66, 77, 83n, 91n, 89, 92, 100, 149, 154-156, 166, 169, 188, 282, 360
sex work, 36n, 261, 264; virgin/whore dichotomy, 232, 267, 299
sexuality, 40, 231, 232, 265, 268, 335, 354
sheriffs. see policing
Shively, JoEllen, 80, 124, 133
sidekicks, 2, 131, 187, 206, 302, 366
Sircar, Sanjay, 228
Slotkin, Richard, 20, 23, 28-29, 36n, 38, 41, 45, 52, 70, 85n, 119, 122, 168-169, 250, 260, 297-298, 341, 372
Smart, Robert, 46
Smith, Carlton, 2n, 52n, 116n, 118, 120, 221n, 300n
Smith, Michelle Denise, 208, 210, 212-213
Smith, Thomas Brent, 134n
social order, 9, 23, 36n, 50, 64-67, 82, 99, 160, 186-187, 211, 217, 219, 235-236, 264
socialism, 9, 12, 47n, 72, 123, 131
Söderlind, Sylvia, 250, 254-255, 258-259, 266
Sontag, Susan, 22n
Sorensen, Sue, 76, 286, 322-323
South, 39, 50, 51, 89, 102, 107, 158, 162, 166, 259
South Africa, 14, 306, 333-334
Southwest, 1, 16, 74, 102, 149, 210, 220, 228-229, 368
Soviet Union. see Russia
space, 6, 8-9, 84, 102, 194, 328, 335, 341, 377
Spivak, Gayatri Chakravorty, 8n, 30-31, 33, 38, 144
Stanley, George F. G., 270
Staveley, Helene, 283-284, 291-293
Steele, Harwood, 10n
Stefanucci, Tracy, 54
Stenson, Fred, 14, 19, 32, 179, 305-306, 333, 335, 347
Stephens, Donald G., 76, 90, 165
Stetsons. see hats
Stevens, George, 40, 68, 342, 352
Stewart, Fenn Elan, 359n
Stoker, Bram, 328
Stone, Ted, 229
Strange, Carolyn, 209, 211, 213, 215-216
Sugars, Cynthia, 31n
sunsets, 1, 117, 196, 250n, 284, 293-294, 307-309
Sutherland, Ronald, 72-73, 161n, 245n
Sweet, Matthew, 113n
Szklarski, Cassandra, 142
T
Taylor, Drew Hayden, 134n, 143, 147
Taylor, Kate, 150
Taylor, M. Scott, 95
Teh, Ian, 46
television, 28, 88, 131, 142, 167, 213-218, 273, 303, 309
Thacker, Robert, 18-19, 69, 72, 82, 156, 163, 167, 169
theatre, 27, 91, 112, 129, 134n, 138-142, 168, 209, 302, 347
Tompkins, Jane, 86, 250, 299, 303, 306, 314-316, 326, 337, 339-340, 359
Toth, Josh, 41n, 83n, 247, 253
trains. see railways
Tranquilla, Ronald, 16, 69-70, 167, 252,
transnationalism, 5-6, 8, 19, 22n, 24, 32n, 39, 50-56, 72, 109, 155, 177-183, 190, 254-255, 272-273, 285, 325, 345, 374-375; see also globalization
Trono, Mario, 305n
trucks. see car culture
Trump, Donald, 15-16, 47, 54, 57, 141, 207, 224, 297n, 349-350
Turcotte, Gerry, 31n
Turner, Frederick Jackson, 17, 63-64, 75, 116, 161, 168, 247, 297n
U
Ungalaaq, Natar, 39, 88-89, 108, 111, 149, 206, 348, 375
United Kingdom, 7, 49, 64-66, 68, 71, 73, 82, 91, 100, 102, 116, 122, 160, 165, 169-170, 174, 179, 182, 185-187, 225, 298, 333
Ursuliak, Emily, 27, 306, 347-348, 365-373
V
van Herk, Aritha, 1n, 18-20, 32-33, 45, 74, 78, 250, 275-276, 305, 355, 357
Vanderhaeghe, Guy, 10, 27, 32, 41, 60, 76, 92-93, 101, 107, 112, 119, 178, 197, 206, 295, 300-301, 304-305, 309, 311-323, 326-327, 330, 372
violence, 9, 32, 36n, 37, 41, 69-70, 99, 131, 151, 153, 154, 171, 183, 190, 197, 200, 210, 215, 218, 220, 246, 250-255, 260-262, 275, 287, 297-313, 322, 324-327, 337, 342-344, 352, 357-360, 372
Vowel, Chelsea, 139, 147, 271, 274
W
Walden, Keith, 56, 66, 159-161, 209
Walton, Priscilla L., 51, 128-131, 134, 136
war, 32, 130n, 156, 192, 197, 200, 203, 217, 275-278, 302, 334; Afghanistan, 13; American Civil War, 23n, 38, 51, 87, 153, 159, 229, 232, 259, 297, 325; Boer Wars, 13-14, 306, 333; Indian Wars, 23, 63, 138, 187, 240, 298; Iraq, 44; Vietnam, 44, 123; War of 1812, 122; World War I, 115, 164-165, 168, 179, 181-182, 197-198, 214, 309; World War II, 11, 45, 205-219, 242
Ware, John, 3
Warner, Michael, 214
Wayne, John, 8, 15n, 16, 26, 38, 54, 87, 106, 111-154, 173, 224, 230, 232, 239, 250-251, 270, 375
Weber, Bob, 101
West, Elliott, 21
West, 2, 21, 44, 54, 68-69, 74-76, 94, 98, 101, 137, 146, 148, 250, 252-253, 283, 289, 291, 298n, 305n, 309, 350-352,
West (continued)
371; American West, 14-17, 19, 63-66, 91, 159, 170, 303; Canadian West, 14, 18, 34, 38, 63-67, 73-76, 87, 90-91, 169, 180-181, 222, 295; Midwest, 13n, 15-16, 67, 228; Old West, 18n, 91, 119, 191, 291, 302-303, 315, 352, 366; Western world, 12, 14, 21, 30, 39, 146, 178, 241, 285, 308, 314, 350, 376; Wild West, 20n, 54, 58, 63, 98, 119, 144, 180, 271, 324, 326, 341
Westfell, William, 18
Whetter, K. S., 84
Wiggins, Kyle, 359
Wild West shows, 61, 80, 140-142, 159, 168, 274
Williams, Carolyn, 226
Wilson, Keith, 164-165, 179, 182, 201
Wister, Owen, 3, 22, 35, 49, 61, 65, 67-68, 146, 162, 167, 172n, 186, 191n, 230
Wittgenstein, Ludwig, 22
Worden, Daniel, 13, 284n, 348, 350
Wyile, Herb, 20, 74-75, 80, 131, 133-134, 301, 326, 328
Y
Yates, Norris Wilson, 23n, 190, 191n, 303n, 367, 371
Young, Neil, 5n
Yukon, 39, 73, 88, 169, 171, 176, 328n
Z