Illustrations

1.1 T.H. Scott. Jumbo the elephant’s dead body with onlookers. Photograph. C6 Sh6 B2 F5 #8: Andersons Limited Jumbo postcard, ca. 1930. Courtesy of Elgin County Archives.

1.2 Display of Jumbo’s stomach contents. Photograph. Courtesy of Elgin County Museum.

1.3 Ringling Brothers Circus Parade in St. Thomas. Photograph. Rll SS Sh3 Bl F52 Parade of Circus Elephants ca. 1895, Ian D. Cameron Collection, R. 110. Courtesy of Elgin County Archives.

1.4 Jumbo 100 Years Bumper Sticker. Colour illustration of elephant and train 1885-1985. Courtesy of Elgin County Archives.

1.5 Jumbo monument surrounded by onlookers. Photograph. P 79: Jumbo Monument, ca. 1985. Courtesy of Elgin County Archives.

2.1 Public carriage, Montreal, QC, about 1875. Photograph. Notman Collection, McCord Museum, VIEW-1063.1.

2.2 Drawing hay to market across the St. Lawrence River, QC, 1903. Photograph. Notman Collection, McCord Museum, VIEW-3618.

2.3 John Henry Walker. Horse and rider at gate, Look out for the Engine. Drawing. McCord Museum, M991X.5.727.

2.4 John Henry Walker. W. M. Mooney & Co., Horse Shoe Nail Works. Wood engraving. McCord Museum, M930.50.3.249.

2.5 Cart entrance under a terrace of houses built ca 1871 on Mountain Street near Wellington. Photograph. Courtesy of Jason Gilliland.

2.6 Cartways per thousand households by district, Montreal, 1912. Re-created in MAP layers after Atlas of C.E. Goad 1912 and Census of 1901 population estimates. Map by Sherry Olson.

2.7 Mr. Wray’s horse and sleigh, Montreal, QC, 1870. Photograph. William Notman, McCord Museum, I-44209.1.

2.8 Sick Horses, the Doctor’s Visit, 1872. Published in L’Opinion publique, 7 November 1872. Lithograph. McCord Museum, M985.230.5073.2.

3.1 H. Hardy. “Thoroughbred.” Painting reproduced in J. George Hodgins, ed., Aims and Objects of the Toronto Humane Society (Toronto: W. Briggs, 1888).

3.2 Canadian Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (SPCA) Ladies’ Humane Education Committee. Fourth Annual Report. (Montreal: Protestant Institution for Deaf-Mutes, 1873).

4.1 Report of Fish-Breeding in the Dominion of Canada, 1877.
(Ottawa, Queen’s Printer, 1878) 24-26. Digital file courtesy of Stephen Crawford.

4.2 “Canada Court, showing Stuffed Fishes, Refrigerators etc.” The Great International Fisheries Exhibition, London, 1883. Photograph. Mikan No. 4111986. Courtesy of Library and Archives Canada.

4.3 “Fisheries Building at the corner of Queen and O’Connor Streets.” Photograph. Public Works Department, PA-046882. Courtesy of Library and Archives Canada.

5.1 Rachel Poliquin. “A tree that has been wrapped with wire mesh to prevent further beaver damage.” Photograph.

5.2 Map of Stanley Park, 1911. Map Cabinet C, Drawer 5. Courtesy of the City of Vancouver Archives.

5.3 H. R. Stenton. “A beaver gnawing on a tree.” ca. 1920. Photograph. AM54-S4: Misc P56. Courtesy of the City of Vancouver Archives.

5.4 “Beaver Lake.” Stanley Park, Vancouver, British Columbia. Classic Postcards, Rootsweb http://freepages.history.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~classicpostcards/Parent%20Directory/canada/britishcol/bcolumbia.htm.

5.5 Major James Skitt Matthews. “The Beaver Enclosure in the Stanley Park Zoo.” ca. 1911. Photograph. AM54-S4. Courtesy of the City of Vancouver Archives.

5.6 Tobias Slezak. Beavers’ lodge, covered with shrubberies. Photograph.

5.7 Rachel Poliquin. Veiled beaver in Stanley Park’s Nature House. Photograph.

5.8 Tobias Slezak. Beaver Lake’s culvert, unplugged. Photograph.

5.9 Tobias Slezak. A wall build from branches and mud made from debris removed from Beaver Lake culvert. Photograph.

6.1 “Injecting Toxin.” Photograph. Acc1076. Courtesy of Sanofi Pasteur Canada (Connaught Campus) Toronto Archives.

6.2 “Bleeding a Horse.” Photograph. Acc1080A. Courtesy of Sanofi Pasteur Canada (Connaught Campus) Toronto Archives.

6.3 Robert Defries, “The War Work of the Connaught and Antitoxin Laboratories, University of Toronto,” The Varsity Magazine Supplement (1918), 94-96. Courtesy of Sanofi Pasteur Canada (Connaught Campus) Toronto Archives.

6.4 “Brick Top: A Real War Horse.” Photograph. Acc0708A. Courtesy of Sanofi Pasteur Canada (Connaught Campus), Toronto Archives.

6.5 “Seeing her true friend. An Antitoxin producing horse at the Connaught Laboratory Farm.” Color Lantern Slide. Ags020. Courtesy of Sanofi Pasteur Canada (Connaught Campus) Toronto Archives.

7.1 Wentworth Dairy advertisement. Hamilton Spectator, 7 September 1922, 13. Courtesy of Hamilton Spectator.

7.2 “The Spectator’s Map Showing Diversified Agricultural Interests of Hamilton and District.” Hamilton Spectator, 7 September 1922, 4. Courtesy of Hamilton Spectator.

7.3 “Milk of Guaranteed Quality and Absolute Safety.” Hamilton Spectator, 23 October 1922, 4. Courtesy of Hamilton Spectator.

7.4 “The Farm Section.” Hamilton Spectator, 7 September 1922, 2. Courtesy of Hamilton Spectator.

7.5 “Let This ‘Cow In Your Kitchen’ Tell Her Story of Milk and Cream.” Hamilton Spectator, 7 September 1922, 22. Courtesy of Hamilton Spectator.

8.1 Alberta’s National Park Towns, Cities, and Settlements. Map by George Colpitts.

8.2 Laboratory and clinical testing for rabies in Alberta wildlife, 1953–55, Annual Report of the Department of Agriculture of the Province of Alberta for the year 1955 (Edmonton; 1955).

8.3 The Alberta Agriculture Department’s visual depiction of the rabies outbreak. Report of the Veterinary Services Branch, Annual Report of the Department of Agriculture of the Province of Alberta for the year 1955 (Edmonton; 1955).

8.4 Coverage of Banff’s mandatory dog vaccination program. Calgary Herald, 23 February 1953, 1. Courtesy of Glenbow Archives.

8.5 Dog and Cat control in Banff, 1958–60. Compiled by George Colpitts from Banff Advisory Council Minutes, RG 84, A-2-a, vol. 966, File B155, parts 5-8. Library and Archives Canada.

9.1 Polar Bear Alert Zones—2012. Data courtesy of Bob Windsor, Manitoba’s Department of Conservation and Water Stewardship.

9.2 A sign warning Churchill’s visitors and residents that they entering a polar bear zone. iStock.com/IPGGutenbergUKLtd.

9.3 A young bear sits before a Tundra Buggy. iStock.com/BLFink.

9.4 A lone polar bear on the snowy tundra. iStock.com/HuntedDuck.

10.1 Skana being transferred to tank. Photograph. Vancouver Aquarium, March 1967. Courtesy of Terry McLeod.

10.2 Skana performing at the Vancouver Aquarium with trainer Terry McLeod. Photograph. 1968. Courtesy of Terry McLeod.

11.1 Advertisement for W. Harris & Co. Toronto City Directory, 1900 (Toronto: Might Directory Company, 1900), 508.