Index
Above the Fold (Honderich), 161
abuse, uncovering: at boys’ reform school, 128–129; in Canadian armed forces, 172–173; in detention centres, 51–55; of Indigenous women, 119–120; in national police service, 179; in nursing homes, 151; at orphanage, 135–136; spousal, 77–78
Access to Information Act, 61
activism and advocacy, 16, 50, 122, 201–202
Adam, Stuart, 244n14
addictions treatment, 77
Administrative Disclosure Bill, 61
advertising, 144, 163, 175, 181
Agence de Presse Libre du Québec (APLQ), 45
airline charter business, 29–30
Akwesasne lands of Cornwall Island (Kawehno:ke), 67
Alberta Report, 160
Alboim, Elly, 244n14
Alcan corporation, 122–123, 124
Algonquin College, 94
“À l’heure du choix” (Le Devoir), 135
All-Canada Mutually Operated radio group, 109
Allnutt, Alan, 184, 188, 190, 193, 205, 206
All the President’s Men (1976), 17
alternative facts, 202. See also misinformation
alternative newspapers and magazines, 17–18, 40
Anand, Anita, 179
Anderson, Doris, 83
Anderson, W. R., 57
animal feed and fertilizer, 61
Anishinaabe Nation, 49. See also Indigenous people
APT Environment, 155
APTN (Aboriginal Peoples Television Network), 55, 198, 211, 215
Arbour, Louise, 179
Arctic region, 135
Armadale Corp., 70
Arone, Shidane, 178
“Art Matters” discussions, 198
As It Happens, 21
assault charges, 192
Astral Media, 163
Asubpeeschoseewagong First Nation, 48. See also Indigenous people
Atkinson, Joseph Story, 22
Auditor General of Canada, 59
Audrey and Donald Campbell Foundation, 145
Ayre, Miller, 207
Bainbridge, Roger, 100
Baird, K. A., 62
Baker, Allison, 202
Bassett, John, 149
Bastarache, Michel, 180
Batshaw, Manuel G., 52
Batshaw Commission report, 52, 53
Baxter, Cynthia, 31–32, 91, 145
Baxter, James, 91, 187, 189, 192
Beaugrand-Champagne, Paul, 135
Behind the Headlines: A History of Investigative Journalism in Canada (Rosner), 14, 44, 45
Bell, Del, 48
Bell Enterprises, 145
Benegbi, Mercédes, 95
Bergeron, Pierre, 66, 92, 133, 150, 152, 158
bilingualism, 29, 78, 148–149, 150, 157. See also francophone media
Bill 266, 70
Bill C-83, 138
Bill C-175, 44
Bindman, Stephen, 244n14
Blackburn, Walter, 50
Black Monday, 107
Black Wednesday, 69
Bonspiel, Steven, 153
bots, 183
Bousquet, Tim, 211
Brass, Mervin, 198
breast cancer, 176
bribery, 167
British Colonist, 69
British Columbia, 71, 122, 153–154, 201–202
Broadbent, Ed, 43
Broadcasting Act (1968), 19, 165
“Broken Dreams, Broken Lives” (Bastarache), 180
Bullis, Judy, 169
Burke, Jason, 181
burnout, 103
Burns Ltd. plant, 59
Burns Security, 60
Byfield, Ted, 160
Cable Public Affairs Channel (CPAC), 127
Calgary Albertan, 66
Calgary Herald, 66, 81, 92, 117
Canada, self-perception of, 177–178
“Canada Press Freedom Project,” 201, 202
Canada Revenue Agency (CRA), 173
“Canada’s Media” (Niagara Institute for International Studies), 113–114
Canadian Airborne Regiment, 178
Canadian armed forces, 172, 177–179
Canadian Dimension, 17
Canadian Food Inspection Agency, 61
Canadian Heritage, 165
Canadian Journalism Foundation (CJF): access to Rideau Hall of, 116; collaboration with Michener Awards Foundation, 185–186, 245n25; corporate donors of, 115, 131, 145; launch of, 98, 107; media advisory committee, 244n14; negotiations with, 190; partnership proposal with Michener Awards, 107–108, 113, 114
Canadian Medical Association Journal, 176
Canadian Newspaper Association, 92
Canadian Press, 27, 32, 41, 71, 72, 92, 117, 121, 171
Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission (CRTC), 141
Canadian Red Cross, 143
Canadian Women’s Press Club (CWPC), 24–25
Canadian Women’s Press Club Memorial Awards, 14, 46
cancer, 118, 124, 143, 174, 176–177
Cancer Care Ontario, 177
Cano, Catherine, 127, 189, 190
Cantley, Bryan, 92
Canwest Global Communications, 161–162, 163
CanWest News Service, 92
carding, police practice of, 182
Caring Canadian Awards, 117
Carleton University, 17, 29, 94, 102, 103, 109, 111
Carter, Peter, 75
Cashore, Harvey, 171
cats, mercury poisoning in, 49
CBC: collaboration with Canadian Press, 171; Davey report critique of, 20–21; Davidson Dunton as chair of, 109; the fifth estate, 15; Gail Scott as parliamentary correspondent for, 134; “Inside Rideau Hall,” 132, 210; As it Happens, 21; Jeanne Sauvé working at, 84; Knowlton Nash, 116; legal challenge in Ashley Smith case, 136; “Panama Papers,” 173; Press News Limited supplying, 27; support for Michener Award, 71; This Hour Has Seven Days, 17
CBC National Radio News Winnipeg, 167
CBC North, 55
CBC/Radio Canada, 32
CBC-TV: “Connections,” 44–45; Marketplace, 59; Peter Herrndorf working for, 21, 36; “Tenth Decade, The,” 35; winning Michener Award, 29–30, 31, 32, 82, 140
CBC Vancouver, 179
centennial celebrations, 36
Centre d’études sur les médias, 203
Centre for Investigative Journalism, 96
Centre for Media, Technology and Democracy, 203
Chan, Louis Hin-Kuen, 80
Charest, Jean, 158
Charter of Rights and Freedoms, 86, 87
“Charter Revolution” (Financial Post and CBC-TV), 29–30, 31, 91, 171
Chaudhary, Arjun, 209
Chercover, Murray, 89
child welfare, 54–55, 140, 170
China, 183
Chinese Immigration Act, 26
Citytv, 44
civil rights protests, 16. See also activism and advocacy; societal change
CJOH, 144
CKLG radio, 30
Clancy, Natalie, 179
Clark, Campbell, 168
Clarkson, Adrienne, 94, 119, 151, 165–167, 169, 198
class action lawsuits, 151, 180
classified advertising, 163, 175, 181
Cochran, Bruce, 40
Cody-Rice, Edith, 187, 188–189
Coles, David, 127
collaborations, 32, 104–105, 160, 170–174
“Collison Course” (Hamilton Spectator, Toronto Star, Kitchen-Waterloo Record), 170
Combines Investigation Act, 69
communications plans, 148
community newspapers, 75
competition, 40, 70, 144, 161, 162, 170
Competition Act, 165
complaint adjudication, 20, 71, 119
Concordia University, 104–105, 148
Confederation Bridge, 153
Congregation of Christian Brothers, 135–136
“Connections” documentary (CBC-TV), 21, 44–45
Conners, Janet, 143
Conners, Randy, 143
conspiracies, 183
contaminated fish, 48–49, 236n9
contamination in drinking water, 105, 154–155
Cooke, Michael, 192
co-productions, 32. See also collaborations
Correctional Service of Canada, 136
Corrections and Conditional Release Act, 138
corruption, 38–39, 140, 167–169
Cosgrove, Gillian, 51, 52, 53, 54
Coulson, Melanie, 102
Coverdale Interprovincial Home for Women, 39–41
COVID-19 pandemic, 92, 105, 109, 199, 201, 207, 211
Cox, Ethan, 211
Craig, Justice W. A., 77
Cribb, Rob, 103–104, 105, 174, 203
Crimes Sexuels dans l’armée, 179
Criminal Code of Canada, 85, 86, 87
criminal justice system, 135, 136, 138, 172–173, 180–182, 232n46. See also police; RCMP
critical culture, 14, 16, 17, 18
CTV News, 42, 71, 83, 89, 90, 117, 134
Currie, George, 99
Daily Herald, 121
Daily Newspaper Act, 70
Daily Telegraph, The, 160
Dalhousie University, 21
Danard, Jean, 25
Davey, Clark: on Bill MacPherson, 143; discouragement of, 145; election to Michener Awards Foundation board, 141; as a founding director of Michener Awards Foundation, 87, 90–91; on fundraising committee, 99; Globe and Mail managing editor, 21; helping with judging, 112; legal response of, 124–125; as a new Michener Award leader, 133; on Paul Deacon, 72; on potential CFJ collaboration, 116, 117
“Davey’s Raiders” (Globe and Mail), 38
Davies, Michael, 99
Davis, William, 38
Deacon, Adelle, 146
Deacon, James, 200
Deacon, Paul: considering potential merger, 114–115; contributions of, 143–144; death of, 143; donations of, 142, 145; effective leadership of, 134; fundraising efforts of, 95–96, 100, 112–113; helping to create Michener Awards Foundation, 66, 72; on importance of awards ceremony, 83–84; leadership of Michener Awards Foundation, 73–74; on Roland Michener’s ongoing support, 99; supporting special award creation, 89–90, 93–94; on volunteering, 95–96
“Death By Neglect” (APTN), 55
Debarats, Peter, 244n14
Deep Web, 183
defamation charges, 126. See also libel charges
Delacourt, Susan, 192
democracy, 138, 158, 164, 166, 169, 177–178, 183, 198
Department of Citizenship and Immigration, 82
Department of Municipal Affairs, 38
Department of National Defence, 179
de Souza, Mike, 158
detention centres, 51–54, 79–80
dimethylnitrosamine (DMNA), 154–155
disillusionment, 53. See also impact for the public good
disinformation. See misinformation
diversity: of entries, 47, 57, 147; increasing in Canada, 79; on judging panel, 29; of news sources, 71
divorce court records, 192
“Donald Marshall Case” (Reader’s Digest), 135
donations, 97, 99–100, 134, 142, 144–145. See also fundraising
Donovan, Kevin, 54
Donwood Institute, 77
Dorval, QC, 251n69
Dow Chemical Chlor-Alkali plant, 48
Doyle, Richard, 21, 38, 142, 144, 149
drinking water contamination, 105, 154–155
“Drugs: A Search for Understanding” (CKLG), 30
Dryden Chemicals, 48
Duchaine, Gabrielle, 211
due process, 173
Dunton, A. Davidson, 29, 109, 230n2
Dziekanski, Robert, 171
Eastern Door, 153
Eastern Graphic, 153
economic recessions and pressures on journalism, 69, 97, 107, 139, 175
Edmonton Journal, 18, 54, 66, 117
educational opportunities in journalism, 17, 94, 96, 100–105. See also fellowships; students, journalism; university journalism programs
Ego and Ink, 162
elder care, 151
Election Expenses Act, 38
elections, federal, 183
Elgin-Middlesex Detention Centre, 137
Elmira Signet, 154
Elrich, Alan, 31
Energy East pipeline hearings, 158
English-Wabigoon River, 49
Enkin, Esther, 126
Enquête (Société Radio-Canada), 119–120
enterprise journalism, 82
entries for Michener Award, 47, 56, 57, 59, 65, 66, 150–152
Entwistle, Ida, 157
environmental issues, 48–51, 61, 67–68, 105, 154–155, 158, 201–202
ethics in journalism, 93, 98, 101
ethnic communities, 78–79. See also diversity
Evening Telegram, 93
Evening Times Globe, 116
evidence-based journalism, 82
Excellence in Journalism Award, 117
Eyton, Trevor, 114, 115, 244n14
Ezrin, Hershell, 244n14
Facebook, 175
Fairbank, Viviane, 202
Fairy Creek, Vancouver Island, British Columbia, 201–202
fake news, 183, 202. See also misinformation
“False Promises” (Globe and Mail), 208–209
Farrow, Moira, 100
“Fatal Care” (Edmonton Journal, Calgary Herald), 170
federal tax law, 140
Federation of Press Clubs of Canada: Bill MacPherson of, 13; idea for Michener Award at founding of, 15–16, 20, 22–25; Ken MacGray of presenting first award, 29; name change of, 56; receiving challenges to Michener Award, 41; seeking Roland Michener’s endorsement, 27; struggles of, 46–53
Fédération professionnelle des journalistes du Québec, 152
fellowships: award and use of, 100–102; costs of, 145–146; decline in, 199–200; efforts to create, 95–100, 112–113; L. Richard O’Hagen Fellowship for Journalism Education, 200–202; overview of, 203
fertilizer industry, 61
fifth estate, the (CBC), 15, 21, 53, 119, 129, 136–137, 198, 232n46
fiftieth anniversary of Michener Award, 205, 208, 211
Filmon, Gary, 167
Fimreite, Norvald, 48
Final Report on the Canadian News Media, 164
Financial Post, The, 29–30, 31, 32, 72, 73, 96
First Nations communities, 48, 49. See also Indigenous people
Fleming, Jim, 70
Fletcher, Fred, 244n14
Ford, Rob, 117
Ford Canada, 96
forestry-related deaths, 153–154
Forget, Claude, 52
“Forgotten Children of Marian Hall” (CBC), 53
Fortuna, 205
foster care system, 54, 170. See also child welfare
Fotheringham, Allan, 67
francophone media, 133, 146, 147–149, 150–151, 152, 252n77
Fraser, Joan, 149
Fraser, John, 6, 75, 92–93, 164, 194–195
Fraser, Sheila, 168
freedom convoy, 201
freedom of information advocacy service, 141
freedom of information laws, 61
free press, 26–27, 58, 85–86, 87, 114, 166, 175, 198
Free Press, 40
free speech, 175
Frum, Barbara, 83
Fulford, Robert, 116
fundraising, 96–100, 142, 144–145, 205
Gagnon, Yves, 29, 109, 230n2, 231n23
gala of Michener Awards, 58–59, 83–84, 85, 88, 133, 139–141, 166–167
Galliford, Catherine, 179
Gartner, Hana, 136
Gemini Awards, 137
“Generation Distress” (Cribb), 105
generic drugs, 35
geographic diversity, 147–148. See also diversity
Gesca, 70
Global Media and Internet Concentration Project, 163
Global News, 82
Globe and Mail: on Canada’s 100th birthday, 21; changed approach to policy and social issues of, 176–177; Clark Davey as managing editor of, 90–91, 141; collaboration with La Presse, 172; covering child protection laws, 54; covering Donald Marshall, 76; covering information access, 85–86; covering Lac-Mégantic, 117; on CTV bugging, 43; “Davey’s Raiders,” 38, 39; embracing Michener Award, 22; Lyndon Watkins, 40–41; Michener Award in 1972, 37; Michener Award in 1985, 78; Michener Award in 1987, 85; Michener Award in 1988, 80–81; Michener Award in 1993, 142–143; Michener Award in 2005, 176; Michener Award in 2014, 94; Michener Award in 2017, 195–197; Michener Award in 2019, 208; Norman Webster starting at, 149; Paul Taylor reporting for, 140; reputation of, 173; response to Metro of, 162
Gomery, John, 168
Gonick, Cy, 17
Goodhand, Margo, 3, 9, 132, 190
Google, 175
governance of Michener Awards Foundation, 146, 184–191
government role in media, 165
Governor General: Adrienne Clarkson, 94, 151, 165–166, 169; choices about awards, 193–194; David Johnston, 92, 191, 193, 205, 212; Ed Schreyer, 58; Jeanne Sauvé, 82, 83, 85, 100; Jules Léger, 44, 49–50; Julie Payette, 188, 191–195, 197–198, 205, 207–208, 210; Michaëlle Jean, 83, 92, 151, 175; Ramon Hnatyshyn, 88, 133, 138, 139; receiving media scrutiny, 193; Roland Michener, 14, 26; Roméo LeBlanc, 116, 123
Governor General’s Awards, 187
Graham, Cameron, 36
Grands Prix des Hebdos du Québec, 150
Grand Valley Institution for Women, 136
grassroots community action, 155
Grassy Narrows (Hutchinson and Wallace), 50
Grassy Narrows First Nation, 49, 50. See also Indigenous people
Greenspon, Edward, 8, 168–169, 171, 173, 176–177, 206
group homes, 55
GTA Today, 162
Halifax Examiner, 211
Hamilton Spectator, 23
Harcourt, Mike, 122
Harvard University, 100
health care, 13, 176, 177, 198–199
“Hear No Evil, See No Evil, Speak No Evil” (CTV News), 42
Hennessy, Roy, 30
Herceptin, 177
Herrndorf, Peter, 15, 16, 21, 24, 32, 36, 45
Hersh, Seymour, 16
HIV, 143
Hnatyshyn, Gerda, 133
Hnatyshyn, Ramon, 88, 138, 139, 140, 141
Hoekstra, Gordon, 154
Hollinger newspaper chain, 144, 145, 161–162
Holroyd, Les, 123
Honderich, Beland, 21, 98, 121
Honderich, John: challenging award decision, 120–121; on diversity, 79; on impact of recession, 144, 162–163, 176; on Michener Awards, 6–7, 65, 212; as a Michener Awards Foundation director, 189; on racial profiling, 182; on Rob Ford story, 118; on Toronto Star, 161
House of Commons Ethics Committee, 171
House of Commons Standing Committee on Public Safety and National Security, 180
Hubbard, Dr. Robert H., 28
Human Rights Commission, 151
Humphreys, David, 91, 119, 129, 152, 154, 187
Hurley Burly (Doyle), 142
Hutchinson, George, 8, 48, 49–50, 51
immigration, 78, 79–81, 82, 140, 208–210
immigration lawyers, 81
impact for the public good: from 1991 award finalists, 140–141; on Alberta foster care, 170; Alcan power project, 124; on children and youth services, 52–53, 55; in contaminated blood transfusions, 143; as criteria for award, 35, 37, 56, 110, 111; as goal of alternative papers, 40; in health care, 176–177; on immigration, 209–210; on meat processing plants, 59–60, 61; on political parties, 167–168; on RCMP, 45, 179; requiring persistence, 211; Rob Ford, 118; sexual assault of Indigenous women, 120; on sexual assault policing, 195–197; on suicide, 76; Taser stun guns, 171–172; thalidomide, 94–95; water contamination, 105; in William Mullins-Johnson case, 135
“Implant Files, The” (Toronto Star, CBC, Société Radio-Canada), 173–174
Indigenous people: abuse of women, 119–120, 245n39; bribed to run as independents in Manitoba, 167; children in foster care, 170; at Grassy Narrows, 49–50; harassment from police of, 180; on judging panel, 29; protection of Indigenous children, 54; racism in criminal justice system, 135; youth, 55
inequity, 40
Innovation Awards, 194
“Inside Rideau Hall” (CBC News), 132, 210
Institute for Investigative Journalism, Concordia University, 104–105
Internet: changing profit motives for media, 144, 175, 181; disruption of media landscape, 163, 183, 184, 199–200; for fast, free news, 160; leading to collaborations, 170–171; rate of use, 252n93; website for Michener Awards, 156–157
Inuit people, 135
Inuktitut language, 135
investigative journalism: in Canada, 17; Clark Davey’s contributions to, 91; courage required for, 61; growing interest in, 42–46; idealism of, 16; leading to slow change, 137; legal action resulting from, 121–122; maturing, 65; Michener Award validating, 46, 169–170; need for innovation in, 159; newspaper chains’ interest in, 71; in search and seizure raids, 85
Investigative Journalism Bureau at University of Toronto, 105
Iran, 183
Ivany, Dr. Randall, 54
Jackman, Eric, 107–108, 113, 114, 115, 244n14
Jackman Foundation, 113
Jean, Michaëlle, 83, 92, 151, 175, 198
Johnston, David, 1–4, 8, 12, 92, 191, 193, 205, 212
journalism programs, university, 17, 94, 102, 199–200
J-Schools Canada/ÉcolesJ, 200
J-Source, 201
judging panel: changes made by, 56–57; complaints and intimidation, 119–125; concerns about Federation of Press Clubs, 47; criteria of, 35; forming, 29; Fraser MacDougall head of, 37; independence of, 81; process of, 108–112; reviewing challenges, 41
Kaufmann, Fred, 129
Kawehno:ke, 67, 236n9. See also Indigenous people
Kelly, Bill, 38
Kent, Tom, 70
Kent Commission, 70, 71, 82, 89
Kierans, Kim S., 185, 187, 190
Kimber, Stephen, 130
Kingston Penitentiary for Women, 77, 136
Kingston Whig-Standard, 100, 136
Kitchener, Ontario, 15, 136, 198
Kitchener-Waterloo Record, 59, 60, 61, 62, 101, 242n46
Kitiman Community Coalition, 124
Kitimat, British Columbia, 122–123, 124
Koenig, Wendy, 54
Koring, Paul, 172
Kotcheff, Tim, 10, 43, 90, 91, 145, 147–148, 156, 157, 158
Krever Commission, 143
Kwok-Hon Lee, Kenneth, 80
Kwok-Po Lee, Philip, 80
LaChance, Leo, 141
Lac-Mégantic, 117
L’Actualité, 140, 152, 178–179
La Fédération des Cercles des Journalistes, 13, 20
La Fédération des Journalistes du Québec, 148
La Fédération professionnelle des journalistes du Québec, 151
la Fête Nationale du Québec, 65
LaFleche, Grant, 198
La Grande Saga des Genes (Rogel), 102
Lamer, Antonio, 128
Landry, Roger, 116
Lang, Michener, Cranston, Farquharson & Wright, 97
Lang, Michener and Ricketts, 27
Langara College, 109
Lang Michener law firm, 81
La Presse, 18, 116, 148, 151–152, 172–173, 176, 211
Large, Brenda, 17
Last Post, 17
La Tuque, 153
Laurent Commission, 53
Laval University, 29, 109, 203, 211
Law Society of Upper Canada, 81
lawsuits, 53, 60, 121, 122, 125, 126–127, 180–181
lead contamination, 105
LeBlanc, Daniel, 168
LeBlanc, Roméo, 116, 117, 123, 124, 128
Le Conseil de presse du Québec (CPQ), 153
Le Courrier de Sainte-Hyacinthe, 152, 153
Le Devoir, 18, 101, 135, 148, 152
legal challenges, 136. See also lawsuits; libel charges
Léger, Gabrielle, 49
Leiterman, Doug, 17
Le Nouvelliste, 150
Le Soleil, 153
Lewis, Robert, 244n14
libel charges, 54, 121–122, 124–125, 127–128, 181
Liberal government, 20
Local News Research Project, 212
Logan, Donna, 200
London Free Press, 35, 48, 49, 50, 62, 137–138
London Police Service, 196
long-term care centres, 151
Lord Lorne, Duke of Argyll, 58
Lord Stanley of Preston, 22
Lowen, Gloria, 140
L. Richard O’Hagen Fellowship for Journalism Education, 200–201, 202. See also fellowships
MacDonald, Grant, 142
Macdonnell, J. J., 59
MacDougall, Fraser: CBC interview with, 133; as chief judge, 37, 41, 110, 124, 231n23; on increasing number and quality of entries, 65; raising profile of award, 47, 56–57; running the Michener Awards, 66, 72, 73
MacGray, Ken, 29
MacIntyre, Linden, 171
MacKenzie, Arch, 112, 121, 122–123, 128, 141
Maclean-Hunter newspaper chain, 66, 71, 72, 73, 100, 144
Maclean’s magazine, 62
MacNeill, Jim, 153
MacNeill, Paul, 206
MacPherson, Bill: as creator of Michener Award, 13, 15–16, 22–24, 25; death of, 143; designing visual aspects of award, 28; at final awards ceremony, 124; raising profile of award, 37, 47, 56; running the Michener Awards, 66; speech at awards, 59
Mafia, 45
Mail Star, 40
Maison Notre-Dame-de-Laval, 51
Malarek, Victor, 79, 80–81, 112, 238n57
Malone, Richard, 149
Manitoba, 69, 71, 86, 140, 167–168
Manitoba Progressive Conservative party members, 167–168
Manitoulin Expositor, 66, 74, 75, 76
Manley, John, 73
Manthorpe, Jonathan, 38
Marian Hall, 53
Markin, Allan, 126
Marques, Teresa, 206
Massey, Vincent, 22
Massey College, 100
Mass Media: The Uncertain Mirror (Special Senate Committee on Mass Media), 18–19
Maverick Publisher (O’Callaghan), 113–114
McArthur, Greg, 171
McAuliffe, Gerry, 86
McAuliffe, Michael, 178
McGill University, 203
McGlynn, Anthony P., 124
McIntosh, Andrew, 161
McKinnon, Cameron S., 128
Mcleod, Norman, 230n2
McNeil, Gerard, 41
meat plant conditions, 59–60, 61, 242n46
Media Club of Canada, 14
media consolidation and concentration, 20, 69–70, 76, 78, 144–145, 162–165, 170
media landscape, changing, 159, 160–164
Media Law for Canadian Journalists, 88
media mergers. See media consolidation and concentration
medical device industry, 173–174, 198
Membertou, 76
mental health issues, 76, 103, 105, 136, 138
mental health services, 176
Mercury and Hermes, 28
mercury poisoning, 48–49, 50, 236n9
Metcalfe, Wendy, 199
Méteo Media, 212
Metro, 162
Michener, Norah, 30
Michener, Roland: as advocate of award, 25–28; appointment as Governor General, 14; connection to Clark Davey, 141–142; death of, 139, 156; endorsing foundation name, 73; friendship with Ed Schreyer, 58; legacy of, 211–212; ongoing support of, 99, 113, 134; political interests of, 25–26; preferences for formality, 30; professional background of, 22
Michener Award: 1991 ceremonies, 139–141; administrative process changes, 185–186; as an “English Canada thing,” 148, 152; awarding the first, 29–33; building reputation of, 46, 55–56; ceremony changes to, 58–59, 83–85, 146, 166–167; challenge to decision of, 41; criteria for, 35, 37, 56, 110–111; designing visual aspects of, 28; fiftieth anniversary, 205, 208, 211; financial support for, 57; first submissions and forming panel for, 28–29; Globe and Mail winning, 87; impact of on nominees, 78; impact on public service journalism, 62; independence of, 130–132, 143; journalism context at inception of, 16–22; judging panel and process of, 108–112; La Press winning, 151; Le Devoir winning, 148; naming process of, 24; new beginnings for, 73–82; newspaper chains’ involvement in, 71; prospect of supporting funding of investigations, 177, 182; public announcement of, 23; purpose of, 14; reputation of, 108; as a sculpture, 28; social context at the inception of, 13–14; sponsors for, 47; support from Ed Schreyer for, 58, 63; support from Roland Michener for, 22–29, 99, 113, 134; sustainability of, 66, 212; “Tenth Decade” winning, 35–37; ties, 250n34; as top journalism award in 1980s, 65; validating investigative journalism, 46, 169–170; weight of, 31
Michener Awards Foundation: adapting to economic changes, 182; Adrienne Clarkson supporting, 165–167; annual general meeting of, 146; aversion to change of board, 184–185, 189; change and expansion of, 73–74; as a charity, 206; Clark Davey elected to board of, 141; context of creation, 89; contributions of directors to, 91; creation of, 82; expanding reach of, 133; at fiftieth anniversary, 205–206, 208; fundraising challenges of, 116, 144–146; independence of, 81; legal challenge to, 125–128; negotiations with CFJ, 190; potential merger with Canadian Journalism Foundation, 112–118; praising appointment of Jeanne Sauvé, 83; promoting interest in public service journalism, 160; public perceptions of, 99–100; relationship with Canadian Journalism Foundation, 245n25; rooted in Ottawa, 147; state of in late 1980s, 107–108; supporting facts and truth, 183–184; website of, 156–158, 190, 202, 253n95
Michener-Baxter Special Award. See Special Award
Michener-Deacon fellowship, 102–105, 144
Michener Institute, 25
Michener-Schatz, Diana, 25, 27, 139
Mills, Russ, 75, 112, 118, 169, 185, 187, 188–189
Minamata, Japan, 49
Minister of Consumer and Corporate Affairs, 69
misinformation, 183, 201, 202, 203, 208
Mohawk Council of Kahnawake, 153
monetizing news, 163. See also economic recessions and pressures on journalism
Monnin, Alfred, 167
Montfort Hospital, 150
Montreal Gazette, 18, 48, 51–53, 69, 91, 99, 148, 251n69
Montréal-Matin, 69
Montreal Standard, 109
Montreal Star, 18, 29, 69, 109
Moore, Marlene, 136
Morgan, William, 244n14
Mullins-Johnson, William, 135
multiculturalism, 78, 79, 180. See also diversity
municipal politics, 38, 140–141
Munsinger, Gerda, 36
Munson, Jim, 164
Murchison, Miles, 30
Nankivell, Neville, 244n14
Nash, Knowlton, 116
National Arts Centre, 87
National Film Board, 32
National Investigative Reporting Project, 103
National NewsMedia Council of Canada, 93, 237n20
National Newspaper Association, 15
National Newspaper Awards, 46, 92, 107–108, 117
National Press Club, 29, 57, 74
National Public Relations, 148
Nechako River, 122
Nelder, Mary, 75
New Brunswick, 39, 56, 70, 112, 116, 153, 197, 198–199
newcomers, 78
New Democratic Party, 42–44, 46, 58, 122, 167
Newland, Martin, 160
news channels, 24 hr, 160
news deserts, 213
newspaper closures, 69, 212–213
Newspapering: 50 Years of Reporting from Canada and Around the World (Webster), 149
newspaper monopolies, 69. See also media consolidation and concentration
newspapers, alternative, 17–18, 40
newspaper wars, 162, 181. See also competition
New Westminster, 122
Niagara Escarpment, 35
Niagara Institute for International Studies, 113
Nieman Fellowships, 100
Nixon, Robert, 48
Noël, André, 151
Noreau, Pierre-Paul, 9, 55, 152–153, 206, 210, 211, 212
Nova Scotia, 37, 61, 76, 128, 129
Nova Scotia Supreme Court, 76
nursing homes, 251n69
O’Callaghan, J. Patrick, 113, 114, 115, 147
Oda, Bev, 165
O’Dacre, Ed, 157
old boys’ club perceptions, 108, 147, 189
online journalism, 158. See also Internet
Ontario College of Physicians and Surgeons, 140
Ontario Conservative Party, 38
Ontario Court of Appeal, 136
Ontario Ministry of the Environment, 155
Ontario Press Council, 110
“Operation Deliverance,” 178
Ottawa Citizen: 1971 Michener Award, 35; Bill MacPherson as managing editor, 13, 22; fellowship recipients working at, 102–103; Margo Roston writing in, 83; as collection point for award submissions, 109; helping with Michener Award ceremony, 87, 91, 102; 1993 Michener Award, 142–143; challenge to award to, 120; hoping to work with Peter Carter, 75
Ottawa Community Foundation, 142, 145, 146
Ottawa Journal, 69
Ottawa Press Club, 57
Ouimet, Alphonse, 17
Ouimet, Michèle, 173
Oxford University, 25
Pacific Press, 69
Palango, Paul, 81
“Panama Papers” (Toronto Star, Global TV, CBC), 173
panel discussions, 93–94, 198, 211
Papp, Leslie, 176
Papp, Susan, 140
Parcost program, 35
Parliamentary Press Club, 26–27
Parliamentary Press Gallery, 90–91
Parliament Hill, 29
partnerships, 32, 206, 207, 210, 212
Payette, Julie, 132, 188, 191–195, 197–198, 205, 207–208, 210
Peace River, Alberta, 54
Pearcy, Margaret, 148
Pearson, Lester, 17, 22, 25, 26, 123, 201
Pearson, Matthew, 102–103, 203
Pelletier, Jean, 120
pensions, government, 13
People and Community News, 40
Peritz, Ingrid, 94
Petrovich, Curt, 167
Phillips, Bruce, 244n14
police, 135, 140, 178–181, 195–197, 201–202, 232n46, 238n57, 245n39. See also criminal justice system; RCMP
political parties, 38, 167–169
political patronage, 168
politicians, municipal and provincial, 38, 117, 140–141
Polzer, Karl, 67
“Positive Change for Public Good,” 211
Power and Influence (Hayes), 149
Power and the Tories, The (Kelly), 38
Power Corporation of Canada, 210
press freedom. See free press
Press News Limited, 27
Press Ownership Review Board, 19–20, 70
Press Rights Panel, 70
“Price of Oil” series (Sonntag), 104
Prince Albert Herald, 141
Prince Edward Island, 153
Prince George Citizen, 153–154
prisons, 39. See also criminal justice system
“Private Health, Public Risk” (Rusnell and Russell), 126, 127
Privy Council Office, 208
Prix Italia, 157
profit motive in journalism, 19, 20
Protection of Privacy Act, 44
protests, 16, 201–202. See also activism and advocacy
Province, 69
Public Policy Forum, 169, 202–203
Public Safety minister, 179
public service journalism: amplifying values of, 16–17, 56, 62, 65, 71–72, 160, 210–211; importance of, 213; at its best, 209–210; judging process, 130; as more than a job, 93; need for award for, 18; at odds with business interests, 115; under threat, 69, 70
Pulitzer Prize, 16
Pure North S’Energy Foundation, 126, 127
Québec: 1995 referendum, 168; building relationships in, 47, 147–149; detention centres in, 51, 52; growing nationalism in, 36; long-term care centres in, 151; media closures in, 212; media consolidation in, 70; Michener Awards Foundation board members from, 149–150; submissions from, 150–152
Québec Ministry of Social Services, 51, 52, 53
Quintet Consulting Corporation, 208
racial profiling, 122, 135, 180–182
Radio-Canada, 83, 171, 172, 176
Radio Television News Directors Association (RTNDA) television and radio awards, 15
Ramer, James, 182
rape, 196–197. See also sexual assault
Rappler, 183
Raven Bob, Arizona, 55
Raven Bob, Sasha, 55
Raven Bob, Shania, 55
RCMP, 43, 81, 129, 171–172, 179–180, 197, 201–202. See also criminal justice system; police
RCMP Act, 179
Reader’s Digest, 135
Reddit, 175
reforms. See impact for the public good
refugees, 78, 82, 238n57. See also immigration
remediation, 68, 155. See also environmental issues
research in journalism, 102, 103
resources of organizations, 110
Ressa, Maria, 183
Review and Complaints Commission, 179. See also complaint adjudication
Ricochet Media, 211
Rideau Hall: approval of contract with CJF, 187; choices about awards priorities, 193–194; cost of ceremony, 139; as location of Michener Award ceremony, 29, 82, 83, 88, 116, 133, 134, 146; support for Michener Award of, 188; toxic work environment at, 9, 207–208, 210
Rideau Hall Foundation, 206, 207, 210, 212
Rideout, Sue, 101
“Rock-a-Bye Baby” (Kingston Whig-Standard), 136
Rogel, Jean-Pierre, 102
Rogers, 163
Roland Michener Award for Meritorious Public Service in Journalism. See Michener Award
Roland Michener Foundation/La Fondation Roland Michener, 72
Romahn, Barbara, 60
Romahn, Jim, 59, 60, 101, 242n46
Rosner, Cecil, 14, 15, 20, 44, 45, 46, 140, 168
Ross, Sam, 29, 109, 230n2, 231n23
Roston, Margo, 83
Royal Canadian Air Force, 25
Royal Commission on Media 1981, 66
Royal Commission on Newspapers, 69
rubrics, judging, 111
Ruperthouse, Sindy, 245n39
Russia, 183
Ryerson Polytechnical Institute, 17, 134
Ryerson Review of Journalism, 129
Saint-Charles-Borromée Hospital, 151
Sampson, Constance, 141
Samson, Constable Robert, 45
Sarnia, Ontario, 48
Saskatchewan, 70, 83, 119, 121, 141
Sault Star, The, 72
Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario, 72
Sauvé, Jeanne, 82, 83, 85, 100
Sauvé, Maurice, 83
Schreiber, Karlheinz, 170, 171
Schreyer, Ed, 32–33, 58, 63, 69, 85
Schreyer, Lily, 58
Scotian Journalist, 37, 39, 40, 62
Scott, Gail, 133, 134–135, 141, 147, 154
Securities Act, 62
segregation, practice of, 138
sexual assault, 119–120, 129, 140, 151, 178–179, 180, 195–196, 197
sexual harassment, 179
“Shattered Mirror, The” (Public Policy Forum), 169
Shawinigate, 161
Shelburne, Nova Scotia, 128–130
Sherbrooke Record, 149
Sherman, Paddy, 244n14
Sikh community, 82
Silver Donald, 17
Simon, Mary, 212
slander chargers, 121. See also libel charges
small media outlets, 110, 133–134, 153–158
Smith, Graeme, 172
societal change, 13–14, 36, 175, 183, 201–202
Société Radio-Canada, 119, 152, 173
Somalia, 178
Sonntag, Patti, 104
“Sounding the Alarm” (Telegraph Journal), 198–199
Southam Fellowships, 100
Southam newspaper chain, 69, 70, 71, 99, 113, 145
Special Award, 89–90, 91, 92–93, 206
Special Committee on Mass Media report, 163–164
Special Senate Committee on Mass Media, 14, 18, 19–21
Sprague, Debbie, 39
Standing Committee on Citizenship and Immigration, 82
Standing Senate Committee on Transport and Communication, 164
Stanfield, Robert, 36
Stanley Cup, 22
Star Metro, 163
Starnes, John, 46
Starowicz, Mark, 17
Star Phoenix, 119
Star Weekly Magazine, 26
St. Catharines Standard, 198
Stocker, Shirley, 124
Strashin, Jamie, 10
strategic plans, 205
structured intervention units (SIU), 138
Stuart, Penny, 67
students, journalism, 94, 102, 104, 105, 160, 210, 211
Studler, David, 119
submissions for Michener Award, 47, 56, 57, 59, 65, 66, 150–152
suicide, 55, 74, 75, 76, 80, 136
Sun group, 70
Supreme Court of Canada, 122, 179, 180, 181
Supreme Court of Ontario, 86, 87
Sutherland, Darryl, 167
“System of Abuse” (Rodenhiser), 128
“Tainted Water” (Sonntag and Cribb), 105
Taylor, Paul, 140
Teichroeb, Ruth, 140
Telegraph Journal, 112, 116, 198–199
television news, 160
“Tenth Decade, The” (CBC-TV), 35–36
Thalidomide Victims Association of Canada (TVAC), 95
This Hour Has Seven Days (CBC), 17, 37
Thompson, Hunter S., 16
Thomson newspaper chain, 69, 70, 71; as Michener donor, 144
threats of violence, 60, 103, 201, 202
Times Colonist, 69
Tkachuk, David, 164
Todd, Ann Carmichael, 90
Tombs, George, 101
Toronto, Ontario, 78–80, 117, 118, 147, 180–182
Toronto Men’s Press Club, 16
Toronto Metropolitan University, 104, 134, 212
Toronto Pearson Airport, 120–121, 142
Toronto Police Service, 181
Toronto Police Union, 121–122, 238n57
Toronto Star: citation of merit in 1993, 176; collaborations of, 174; collaboration with Ryerson University, 104; coverage of Rob Ford, 117, 118; covering Khristine Linklater, 76–78; covering racism in policing, 180–182; covering William Mullins-Johnson case, 135; establishing Atkinson Foundation, 98; facing libel lawsuit, 121–122; on Grassy Narrows, 50; impact of, 176; on Indigenous child protection services, 54–55; John Miller at, 16–17; on Julie Payette, 191, 192; “Panama Papers,” 173; progressive agenda of, 21–22; response to Metro of, 162; Rob Cribb as reporter at, 103; on Roland Michener, 25–26
Touzin, Caroline, 211
training in journalism, 96
Transcontinental Media, 150
trauma in journalism, 103, 211
Travers, James, 120
trolls, 183
Trudeau, Justin, 191
Trudeau, Pierre Elliott, 20, 38, 58, 69, 123, 201
Truman, Peter, 83
Trump, Donald, 183
Trust Project, 202
Truth in Journalism Fact-Checking Guide, 202
Turvey, Natalie, 186
Unama’ki (Cape Breton Island), 76
“Uncertain Mirror, The” (Special Committee on the Mass Media), 164
“Unfounded” (Globe and Mail), 195–197
UniMedia, 70
United Nations human rights law, 79–80
university journalism programs, 17, 94, 102. See also educational opportunities in journalism; students, journalism
University of Guelph, 101
University of King’s College, 94, 130, 211
University of Toronto, 22, 100, 105
University of Western Ontario, 17, 48
U.S. Department of Agriculture, 59–60
U.S. Freedom of Information law, 59–60
U.S. Press Freedom Tracker, 201
Val d’Or, Québec, 119
Vancouver Sun, 18, 45, 81, 91, 100, 176
Vanier Award, 58
Vanier Institute of the Family, 22
Victoria Daily Times, 69
Victoria Times Colonist, 176
Vietnam War, 16
Visiting Journalist program, 200
VOX, 175
Wabaseemoong Independent Nations of One Man Lake, Swan Lake and Whitedog, 48, 50
Waddell, Chris, 111, 117, 118, 185–186, 188, 189, 190
Wallace, Dick, 49
Walmsley, David, 6, 94, 131, 197, 212
Walrus magazine, 202
Watson, Patrick, 17
Weber, Bob, 46
website, 156–158, 190, 202, 253n95
Webster, Norman, 133, 146, 149–150, 152
Webster, R. Howard, 149
Weechi-it-te-win Family Services, 55
weekly newspapers, 252n82
Welch, Robert J., 99
Welsh, Moira, 54
Westfield detention centre, 54
Wetsuwet’en territory, 201
Whicher, C. H., 123
Whig-Standard, 67, 68, 99, 236n12
White, Peter, 244n14
White, Scott, 92
Whitehorse, Yukon, 77
white supremacy, 141
Wikwemikong First Nation, 74
Willies, Paul, 40
Wilton, W.C., 113
Windsor, Ontario, 20
Winnipeg Free Press, 86, 140, 149
Winnipeg Tribune, 69
Winseck, Dwayne, 163
Winsor, Hugh, 244n14
Wolfe Island, 67
women: experiences of in RCMP, 179; experiences of in Yukon, 77; experiences of journalists, 201; involvement in Michener Awards, 134, 185; on judging panel, 29
Wood, Shirley, 84
Wright, Sylvia, 67
Wu, Joseph Shao-Kong, 80
Y2K, 159
Young Canadian of the Year, 58
Young Offenders Act, 55
Youth Protection Act, 52
youth protection policy and practice, 53
YouTube, 175
Yukon Supreme Court, 77
Zalac, Frédéric, 172