INDEX
Note: All page numbers refer to the print edition. To find entries in the e-book, use your device's search function. Page numbers in italics refer to photographs. Page numbers in bold refer to maps.
A
Abisko Symposium (1960), 20, 43, 209n3
Abloviak Fiord, 50
Admiralty Inlet, 12
AINA (Arctic Institute of North America), 20, 77, 81
AINA expeditions, 10, 12, 45, 181–82
aircraft charters: Beaver floatplanes, 50–52, 56–57, 67, 87; Beaver on ski-wheels, 78; Bell helicopters, 89–90, 92, 119, 123–24, 127, 148; Cessna floatplanes, 24, 28–30, 100, 142, 144; Cessnas on ski-wheels, 87, 119; DC-3s on ski-wheels, 47, 77–78, 87, 119, 142; Dominion Observatory helicopter, 35; “The Little Beaver,” 65–67, 66; Norseman floatplane, 38–39; Otters on ski-wheels, 19, 21–22, 61. See also aircraft operations; helicopter support
aircraft operations, 70–71; dramatic liftoffs, landings, and flights, 30, 33, 36, 51, 56–58, 68, 80, 116–17; malfunctions, 29, 33–35, 89–90; refuelling, 51, 67–69. See also aircraft charters
Air Force Island, 9
air photography. See photography
air photo interpretation, 13, 16, 20, 64
Alaska, 178
Alectoria Lake, 60
Andrews, John T.: about, 164, 172; recruitment to Geographical Branch, 41–42; 1961 reconnaissance, 19, 21, 32–37, 39, 40; 1962 fieldwork, 48, 51, 54, 55–56, 189; 1963 fieldwork, 60–61, 69–70, 188; 1965 fieldwork, 87–88; 1966 fieldwork, 117, 128; 1967 fieldwork, 142; published research, 79, 185–86; other mentions, 2, 76, 191
Angaljurjualuk Lake. See Pilik Lake
Anvil Mountain, 110, 111, 112
Archer, Jim, 139
arctic-alpine plant species, 178, 185
Arctic Circle, 7, 8
Arctic Institute of North America. See AINA
Arenaria River, 60
Arnold, Keith, 85, 209n6
Arsenault, Lyn. See Drapier, Lyn
Astarte borealis, 90
Astragalus alpina (Milk vetch), 191
Atlantic Ocean, 3, 180, 188
Atlas of Canada, 137, 214n1 (chap. 9)
Ayr Lake, 10, 148
B
Back to the Future project (2009), 190
Baffin, William, 9
Baffin Bay, 7, 67–68, 180
Baffin Island: early explorations, 9–10, 12–13, 182; maps/mapping and aerial images, 6, 8, 10, 210n10; physical geography and landscape, 7, 9, 23, 100; population, 7; temperatures (historical), 3, 64, 215n10
Baffinland Iron Mines base camp. See Mary River base camp
Baffinland Iron Mines Company, 210n2, 213n4 (chap. 7)
“Baffin-Type” glaciers, 12
Baird, P. D. (Pat), 9–10, 12, 181
Baird Peninsula, 9
Barnes, Howard T., 9
Barnes Ice Cap: about, 12; maps and aerial images, 10, 22, 25, 31, 45, 53–54, 126; as remnant of Laurentide Ice Sheet, 3, 9, 13, 181, 184; transect, 77, 88. See also ice mining operations
Barnes Ice Cap base camp (crest), 47, 49, 62, 62
Barnes Ice Cap base camp (northern margin), 29, 78, 87, 88
Barnett, Martin, 78, 87, 90, 142
Barry, Roger, 76, 145, 165–66, 214n7 (chap. 9)
base camp sites. See individual locations
Beals, C. S., 46
Beauregard, L., 213n6 (chap. 7)
Bedford Institute of Oceanography, 137, 142
Beschel, Roland: about, 59; 1963 fieldwork, 60, 64, 64, 65; lichenometry research, 4, 188, 211n1 (chap. 5)
Betula nana (Dwarf birch), 190
Birch, Bill, 44–45
Birch, J. W., 213n6 (chap. 7)
Bird, Brian, 44, 81
Birtles, M., 87
Blackadar, Robert, 12
Boas, Franz, 9, 182
botany. See plants and vegetation
Boulder (CO), 139
boulders, 23–24, 26, 35, 110, 111, 121–23, 195. See also mountaintop detritus
Bradley, Bruce, 175
Bradley Air Services, 24, 38, 40
Brassard, Guy, 189
Bray, Reynold, 9
Bridge, Chris, 44, 47, 61–62, 78, 87, 95
British-Canadian Arctic Expedition (late 1930s), 9, 12
Broad Peak, 10
Brodo, I. M., 189
Broughton Island, 135, 142, 186
Bruce Mountains, 9, 67
Buchan Gulf, 9
Buckley, Jane, 186. See Philpot, Jane
Burges, Tony, 96, 137
Burn, Chris, 210n9
Burnett, Spike, 50–52, 54–58, 61, 65–66, 66, 69
Bylot, John, 9
C
C14 dating. See radiocarbon dating
Cambray, Chris, 85
Cambridge Fiord, 9
Cambridge University Expedition (1937), 9, 12
camp structures: A-frame huts, 78, 84, 95, 125; Inugsuin base camp building, 80, 87; Jutland buildings, 23; Parcoll huts, 47, 66–67
Canadian Coast Guard ships. See individual ships
Canadian Hydrographic Service, 20, 142
Canadian Museum of Nature, 189
Canadian National Parks Service, 86
Canadian Permanent Committee on Geographical Names, 11, 74, 81–82
Canadian Wildlife Service, 100
Cape Adair, 67
Cape Aston, 90, 185
Cape Christian, 11, 90, 100, 117, 132, 185, 207n7
Cape Hooper, 11, 117
Carex gynocrates, 79
Cassiope tetragona (Arctic mountain heather), 154
CCGS d’Iberville, 119, 135, 142, 148, 151
CCGS John A. Macdonald, 80
CCGS Labrador, 119, 135
CCGS Wolfe, 151
C. glacialis, 79
Champlain, Samuel de, 141, 212n10, 214n2 (chap. 9)
Cherrington, Angus, 78–79
Christian, Doug, 142, 144, 151, 173
Christiansen, E., 213n6 (chap. 7)
Christy, Bob, 181
Church, June. See Ryder, June
Church, Mike: about, 158–59, 172; recruitment to Baffin team, 45; 1962 fieldwork, 49, 51–52; 1963 fieldwork, 61–62, 65; 1963 “rescue,” 69–72; 1964 fieldwork, 78; 1965 fieldwork, 87, 95; 1966 fieldwork, 128; 1967 fieldwork, 142, 145, 146–47, 151; other mentions, 210n9, 212n7
climate change, 3, 79, 190
climate stations, 145
Climatology Section, 43
Clyde Foreland, 119, 132, 185
Clyde Inlet, 9–12, 148
Clyde River settlement, 80, 100, 148
Coast Ranges, 77, 85–86, 185
Cockburn, George, 187, 207n3
Cockburn Land, 9, 11, 207n3
Cockburn Moraines, 20, 28, 52, 68, 184, 207n3
Code, Bob, 60, 80–81, 139
Cole, Jim, 61, 65, 67–72, 87
Coleman, Alice, 76, 137
Cook, Frank, 41, 102
Cordilleran Ice Sheet, 180
Coronation Fiord and Glacier, 10
cosmogenic nuclide exposure dating, 187
Cowan, Dick, 67, 125, 159
Cowie, Alexandra, 96, 213nn6–7 (chap. 7)
Craig, Bruce, 13, 180
Crawford, Jim, 142
Crompton, Penny, 119, 132, 145, 146, 174
Crum, H. A., 189
Cumberland Peninsula, 189
D
Dahl, Eilif, 50, 112
Dansereau, Pierre, 182
dating methods. See cosmogenic nuclide exposure dating; radiocarbon dating; tritium dating
Davis, John, 9
Davis Strait, 180
daylight, twenty-four-hour, 101
Decade Glacier, 79, 95, 103, 127, 128, 145
Decade River, 128
Demuth, Mike, 215n9
Department of Energy, Mines, and Resources, 97, 137–38
Department of Transport, 78, 81
Devon Island Ice Cap, 208n9 (chap. 1)
Dewar Lakes. See under DEW Line stations
DEW Line, 1, 8, 11, 21, 51, 78, 91, 95, 152
DEW Line stations: Fox-1 (Rowley Island), 11; Fox-2 (Longstaff Bluff), 11, 21–22, 29, 58, 70–71; Fox-3 (Dewer Lakes), 11, 18, 38, 77; Fox-Main (Hall Beach), 11, 47
Distant Early Warning Line. See DEW Line
Division of Physical Geography, 43
Dominion Observatory Branch gravity survey teams, 35–36, 47
Downdraft Island, 117
Drapier, Lyn, 145, 164–65, 174
Drolet, J.-P., 211n1 (chap. 6)
Dryas integrifolia (mountain avens), 154
Dunbar, Moira, 209n6
Dyke, Art, 187–88, 215n10
E
Eglinton Tower, 10
Ekalugad Camp, 147
Ekalugad Fiord, 91, 128, 135
Ekalugad Moraine, 128, 131
Ekalugad River, 146
Ekalugad sandur, 129–30, 142, 145
Elizabeth (girl from Clyde River), 174
Ellesmere Island, 13, 180
Embacher, Uwe, 44, 47, 210n8
Emery, G., 61–62
England, John: about, 159–60, 172; 1966 fieldwork, 117, 125; 1967 fieldwork, 145; other mentions, 157, 188
Epilobium angustifolium (fireweed), 155
epipetric lichens. See lichens and lichen cover
Eqe Bay, 87–88, 189
erratics, 91, 110, 112, 119, 124, 186–87, 198, 213n5 (chap. 8)
eskers, 106, 109, 205
F
Falconer, George: about, 167; 1962 fieldwork, 49, 51–52; 1963 fieldwork, 61, 63–64, 69; 1965 fieldwork, 87; other mentions, 3, 21, 96, 151, 183, 185, 187, 212n10
federal government, branches of. See individual branches
federal government, departments of. See individual departments
federal government, divisions/sections of. See individual divisions/sections
federal government glaciological research, 1, 209n6
felsenmeer. See mountaintop detritus
Fenno-Scandinavian Ice Sheet, 13, 178, 215n3
Feyling-Hanssen, Rolf, 90, 119, 132, 172, 185
field facilities. See camp structures
Fielding, Tim, 78
Fife, Allan, 189
Fifth Thule Expedition, Danish (1921–1924), 9
firearms, 45
Fish, D. B., 78
Flint, Maurice, 9
Flint, Richard, 12–13, 52, 179–80, 182, 184
Flint Lake, 9, 35
Flitaway Lake, 10, 11, 17, 31, 48–49, 57, 189, 208n6
Flitaway Lake base camp, 22, 29–31, 49, 51, 62, 62–63, 70, 88
Foley Island, 88
food, 38, 68, 208n12, 211n5 (chap. 4)
Fort Chimo, 50–51
fossils, marine, 90, 132, 179, 184–85
fossils, plant, 48, 189
Foxe, Luke, 9
Foxe Basin, 3, 7, 9, 27, 34, 37, 60, 89, 180, 184, 186, 188, 215n2
Foxe Dome, 184
Fraser, Keith, 29, 82, 142
Fremlin, Gerry, 74, 96
Freshney River, 27, 32, 208n5
Frobisher, Martin, 9
Frobisher Bay, 7, 12, 21, 51, 182, 207n4
Froese, Art, 125, 132
frost-shattered debris. See mountaintop detritus
fungi, 148
Fyles, J. G. (John), 13, 180, 213n6 (chap. 7)
G
Gamble, Sam, 45
Gander Aviation, 119
Gaudreau, Pierre, 61, 65–67
Gee Lake, 88
Generator Lake, 10, 125, 126
Geodetic Survey Division, 125, 142
Geografiska Annaler, 210n7
Geographical Branch: location, 21; purpose and survival, 73, 75, 209n2; recruitment of women, 81; reorganization and demise, 2, 74, 138–39, 142; shield, 74, 75, 151, 153, 153. See also van Steenburgh, W. E.
Geographical Bulletin, 74, 82, 96
geography (scientific discipline), 1, 43, 75
Geological Survey of Canada. See GSC
geology (scientific discipline), 75
Geomorphology Section, 43
George River, 13
Gerasimov, Innokentiy, 76–77, 212n6
Gibbs Fiord, 134
Gilbert, Robert, 85
glacial erosion, evidence of, 112, 178, 186, 198
glacial features. See boulders; erratics; ice; ice-dammed lakes; marine terraces; moraines; pseudo-erratics; tors
Glacial Lake Agassiz, 3, 188
Glacial Lake Lewis, 14–15, 24, 25, 26, 27, 27, 183, 189
Glacial Lake McLean, 51
Glacial Lake Naskaupi, 51
glacial outwash plains. See sandar
glacier maps/mapping, 12–13, 86, 96, 182, 187
glaciology (scientific discipline), 43, 96, 137, 181
Glaciology Division. See Glaciology Section
Glaciology Section, 5, 43, 97, 181, 207n2 (Introduction), 209n6
Goldthwait, Richard, 12, 89
Goodfellow, Joan, 81
Goodison, Barry, 87, 95, 128, 160–61
Goudreau, Pierre, 62
Grant-Suttie Bay, 32, 89
Gray, Norman, 87, 175
Greenland, 9, 178, 188, 191
Grenier, F., 213n6 (chap. 7)
GSC (Geological Survey of Canada), 12–13, 43, 46, 80, 212n10. See also Harrison, James M.
Gulf of Bothnia, 13, 179, 215nn2–3
H
Hainault, Robert, 87
Hall, Peter, 78
Hall Beach. See under DEW Line stations
Hamelin, Louis-Edmond, 44
Hamilton, Angus, 38
Hantzsch, Bernhard, 9, 182
Harrison, Dave (geographer), 67, 78, 87, 144, 171, 189
Harrison, David (pilot): about, 91, 99; 1965 field season, 89–90, 92; 1966 field season, 99–102, 108, 109, 111, 117, 118, 119; 1967 field season, 127, 132, 142, 144, 148, 151; helicopter flight “lessons,” 92–93, 95
Harrison, James M. (Jim), 43, 74–75, 80, 96, 137–41, 151, 214n3, 214n10. See also GSC
Hattersley-Smith, Geoffrey, 44, 181, 209n6
helicopter support, 80, 86, 100, 142, 186. See also aircraft charters
Henderson, P., 125
Henry Kater Peninsula, 145
Hiatella arctica, 90
Highway Glacier, 10
Hill, Peter, 17, 19, 21, 23, 32–36, 39, 40–41
Hodgson, Doug, 148, 151
Home Bay region, 128, 145, 148
Hoppe, Gunnar, 13, 20, 43, 50, 209nn3–4
Hudson, Henry, 9
Hudson Bay, 3, 180, 186, 188, 215n2
Hultén, Erik, 182
I
ice: movement, 51, 88, 144–45; thickness, 47, 91, 144–45, 179–80, 182, 186; thin ice carapaces, 91, 185–87, 213n5 (chap. 8)
ice cap retreat, 4, 60–61, 64, 79, 179, 184
ice core extraction, 47
ice-dammed lakes, 13, 20, 27, 53, 106, 128, 204, 209n4
Iceland, 50, 178
ice mining operations (Arctic to Ottawa), 48, 52, 54–55, 55, 62, 210n4, 211n4 (chap. 5)
Igloolik, 12, 37
Indian House Lake, 81
Inland Waters Branch, 3, 5, 97, 137, 142
INSTAAR (Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research), 2–3, 139, 187, 191, 211n3, 214n6 (chap. 9), 214nn7–8
instantaneous glacierization, 3, 27, 183
Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research, University of Colorado. See INSTAAR
instruments and equipment: Atlas Copco pneumatic drill, 54, 78; Bell and Howell 16mm cine-camera, 79; boats, 78; glaciological/meteorological, 45, 78; Hasselblad 500C camera, 92, 101; ice drill, 31–33; land transport, 125; specialized, 86; Zeiss telescopic level, 24
International Arctic Workshop, 191
International Geographical Congress (1964), 74
International Geographical Union (IGU), 74, 77
International Geophysical Year (IGY), 76, 181
International Hydrological Decade (IHD), 77, 95, 97
Inugsuin Fiord, 10, 80, 98, 105, 112, 149–50
Inugsuin Fiord base camp, 76–78, 84, 87, 88, 100, 102, 119, 143, 145
Inugsuin Pinnacles, 101, 108, 110, 210n8
Inugsuin River, 128
Inuit peoples, 7, 9, 37, 37, 117
Inuit place names. See names/naming of places and features
Inuktorfik Lake, 207n1 (chap. 1)
Iqaluit. See Frobisher Bay
iron ore, 210n2
Irvine, Ron, 148
Isbister, Claude, 137, 139–40
I-sites (on DEW Line), 11
Isortoq Fiord, 11
Isortoq Lake, 11, 32
Isortoq River, 25, 27, 32, 48, 189
Isortoq valley, 15, 28
isostasy, 179
Itirbilung Fiord, 119
Ives, Jack D.: about, 1–2; 1961 reconnaissance, 19–24, 26–40, 39; 1962 fieldwork, 50–52, 54, 56–58; 1963 fieldwork, 64–72; 1965 fieldwork, 90–91; 1966 fieldwork, 100–102, 108, 110, 112, 117, 119, 132; 1967 fieldwork, 142, 148, 151; trips to Europe, 43, 50, 59, 76–77; work with AINA, 20; work with Geographical Branch, 1–2, 21, 40–41, 73–74, 76–77, 80–82, 92, 96, 138–41; work with McGill Lab, 20
Ives, Pauline, 23, 50, 81, 151, 208n6, 212n9
Ives, Tony, 38
J
Jacobs, John, 190
Jacobsen, G., 213n6 (chap. 7)
Jansson, Krister N., 209n4
Jocelyn, Wendy, 87, 95, 212n7
Jonsson, Stig, 85–86
K
Karlén, Wibjörn, 85
Keewatin, 188
Keyhole Glacier, 119, 121–24
Kihl, Rolf, 41, 51, 54, 55–56, 61–63, 65–67
King, Cuchlaine: about, 168, 171; 1965 fieldwork, 87–88, 95, 128; 1967 fieldwork, 145; other mentions, 61, 76, 81, 212n5
King Lake, 63, 65, 66
King River, 48, 52
King River base camp, 48, 49, 62, 65, 88
Koerner, Roy, 181, 183, 209n6
Krüger, Anne-Marie, 81
Kuujjuaq. See Fort Chimo
L
Labradorean Ice Sheet. See Laurentide Ice Sheet
Labrador Sea, 13, 51
Labrador-Ungava fieldwork, 13, 16, 20, 43, 80–81. See also McGill Lab; Torngat Mountains
Labrador-Ungava ice sheet, 13, 51, 188
Lamb, Greg, 36, 38–39
Lamothe, Claude: 1961 reconnaissance, 19, 21, 28–29, 35–36, 39, 40; 1962 fieldwork, 54, 56
Lancaster Sound, 9
Lara, Mark, 190
Laurentide Ice Sheet, 3, 9, 13, 51, 178–80, 186–88
Ledum groenlandicum (Labrador tea), 189
Levesque, Robbie, 29–35, 39–40
Lewis, Peter, 87, 125
Lewis, Vaughan, 24, 207n6
Lewis Glacier, 11, 31, 31, 61, 189, 191
Lewis River, 11, 61–62, 65, 95, 189
Lewis River camp (1964), 78
Lewis River camp (1965), 87
“lichen-free” areas, 60, 64, 211n2 (chap. 5)
lichenometry, 4, 60, 79, 188–89, 211n1 (chap. 5). See also Beschel, Roland; Webber, P. J.
lichens and lichen cover, 24, 26, 26, 27, 59–60, 64, 183, 188–89. See also individual species
Life magazine, 125, 132
light- and dark-toned areas, 13, 20, 24, 27, 182. See also lichens and lichen cover
Little Ice Age, 3, 183
Lloyd, T., 213n6 (chap. 7)
Logie, Jean, 119, 174
Løken, Inger Marie, 81
Løken, Olav: about, 168–69, 171; 1964 fieldwork, 76–79; 1965 fieldwork, 86–91; 1966 fieldwork, 119, 125, 135; 1967 fieldwork, 142, 144; other mentions, 5, 50, 96, 182, 184–86, 191
Longstaff, Tom, 133
Longstaff Bluff, 9, 11. See also under DEW Line stations
LORAN (long range navigation) sites, 11, 100
M
MacHattie, C., 89–90
Mackay, Ross, 44, 50, 96, 139, 213n6 (chap. 7)
Maktak Fiord, 10
Manning, Tom, 12, 182
maps and mapping. See Atlas of Canada; glacier maps/mapping; submarine topography/mapping; Surveys and Mapping Branch; topographic maps/mapping
Marchant, P., 213n6 (chap. 7)
marine limits. See sea levels, former
marine terraces, 12, 179, 182, 215n4
Marmet, Jürg, 10
Marsden, Mike, 81
Mary River base camp, 61, 62, 63
mass balance studies, 47–48, 88, 95, 125, 144–45
mass balance transect, Western Canada, 4, 85, 185
Mathiassen, Therkel, 182
Mattox, Bill, 50
Mattox, Joan, 50
The Maw, 117
McBeth Fiord, 119, 148
McCracken, Mary, 42–43
McEwen, Dave, 29, 39
McGill-Carnegie-Arctic Research Program, 207n1 (Introduction)
McGill Lab, 2, 20, 44, 208n3, 215n3. See also Labrador-Ungava fieldwork
McGill Sub-Arctic Research Laboratory. See McGill Lab
McLaren, Patrick, 145
mega-fossils. See fossils, marine
Meier, Mark, 86
Melville Peninsula, 182, 187
Mercer, John, 12, 182
Meteorological Branch, 45
meteorological stations, 95, 125
micro-fossils. See fossils, marine
Mid-Canada Line, 11
Miller, Gifford, 185, 188, 191, 215n10
Millest, Mary. See Strom, Mary
mollusc shells. See fossils, marine
moraines: cross-valley moraines, 14–15, 27, 28, 48, 60; end moraines, 12–13, 52, 54, 101, 103–4, 106, 202; ice-cored moraines, 43, 52, 54, 62; lateral moraines, 112, 132, 135, 186, 202; medial moraines, 201–2; moraine systems, 17, 20, 32, 187. See also Cockburn Moraines; Ekalugad Moraine
Moroz, G., 87
Morse, John, 78–79
mosses, 64, 148, 183, 189
mountaintop detritus, 110, 112, 113–14, 120, 178–79, 186
Mount Asgard, 10
Mount Battle, 10
Mount Cook, 102
Mount Fleming, 10
Mount Longstaff, 133
Müller, Fritz, 58, 77, 181
Murray, Lil, 73
Murray, Tom, 89, 101, 117, 142
Mya truncata, 90
N
names/naming of places and features, 5, 9–11, 81–82, 207n4–207n5, 212n9, 212n11. See also Canadian Permanent Committee on Geographical Names
National Advisory Committee for Geological Research, 43
National Advisory Committee on Geographical Research, 74, 96, 137–38, 140, 213n6 (chap. 7)
National Air Photo Library, 21, 85
National Atlas program, 74, 96
National Film Board (NFB), 212n3
National Museum of Natural Sciences, 189
Nicholson, Norman, 2, 21, 40, 44–45, 73–74, 182. See also Geographical Branch
nomenclature. See names/naming of places and features
North American Air Defense Command (NORAD), 11
North Atlantic Drift, 7
Northern Wings, 50, 56, 61
Norway, 7, 91, 185–86. See also Scandinavian hypotheses
Nuksuklorolu Mountain. See Inugsuin Pinnacles
Nuluujaak Mountain, 210n2
nunatak (term), 214n1 (chap. 11)
nunatak hypothesis, 112–13, 178, 185, 214n1 (chap. 11)
O
Odell, Noel, 178–79
Ommanney, C. S. L., 185
ookpiks, 148, 214n9
ordination analysis, 190
Orvig, Svenn, 58
O’Shaughnessy, Jim, 142
Østrem, Britta, 54, 209n5
Østrem, Gunnar: about, 169–70; recruitment to Geographic Branch, 43, 45; 1962 fieldwork, 50–52, 54–55, 55–56; 1963 fieldwork, 60–63; 1965 fieldwork, 86–87, 95; other mentions, 4, 58, 77–78, 85, 96, 125, 185, 209n5, 211n5 (chap. 4)
P
Pacific Coast Ranges. See Coast Ranges
Padloping Island, 135
Pan-American Institute of Geography and History, 74
Pangnirtung, 10
Papaver labradoricum (Iceland poppy), 154
Parmelee, J. A., 148
Parry, W. E., 207n3
Pedicularis sudetica (Sudeten lousewort), 155
Penny, William, 9
Penny Highlands, 186
Penny Ice Cap, 9–10, 12, 208n9 (chap. 1)
Pépin, Jean-Luc, 140–41
Perfection Pass, 101, 104
permafrost, 181
Perraton, D. J., 78
Peterson, Jim, 78
Peyto Glacier, 4, 86, 185
Phillips, Bill, 148
Phillipson, Arthur, 214n7 (chap. 8)
Philpot, Jane, 87, 95, 119, 128, 132, 166–67, 173
photography: excursions by Ives, 93, 101–2, 108, 112; RCAF air photography, 9, 45, 182, 210n10. See also air photo interpretation; instruments and equipment; Life magazine
piedmont glaciers, 203
Pilik Lake, 49, 49, 52
Piling Bay, 9, 12, 39
Piling Lake, 88
Pimlott, Doug, 125
Pinetree Line, 11
Pintail Glacier, 189
Place Glacier, 4, 86, 185
place names. See names/naming of places and features
plants and vegetation, 3–4, 79–80, 190. See also arctic-alpine plant species; fungi; lichens and lichen cover; mosses; vascular plants; individual species
Pleistocene Geology Section, GSC, 74
Pleistocene Period, 180
Polar Continental Shelf Project (PCSP), 181, 209n6
Polunin, Nicholas, 182
Pond, Peter, 9
Pond Inlet, 9
Porsild, Erling, 59, 182, 189
postglacial rebound, 179
Prince, Al, 97
Prince Charles Island, 9
Pseudephebe (Alectoria) miniscula, 188. See also lichens and lichen cover
pseudo-erratics, 196
Puccinella andersonii, 79
Puxley, Peter, 132
Pyrola grandiflora (Arctic wintergreen), 155
Pytte, Randi, 85
Q
Queen’s University, 3–4
R
radiocarbon dating, 38, 54, 90, 179, 185, 187, 189, 211n4 (chap. 4), 212n2
radio communications, 21, 23, 32, 78, 117, 208n13
Ram Glacier, 86
Rannie, Bill: about, 161–62, 173; 1963 fieldwork, 61–62, 65; 1963 “rescue,” 69–72; 1964 fieldwork, 78–79; 1965 fieldwork, 95; 1966 fieldwork, 128
Rannoch Arm, 9
RCAF 408 (Photo) Lancaster Squadron, 45
recruitment of field researchers, 2, 41–45, 85
Reimer, Derek, 125, 132
“relative salt dilution” method, 62
Remote Lake, 133–34, 186
Rhizocarpon geographicum, 24, 26, 59, 188. See also lichens and lichen cover
Riccaboni, Lou, 21, 23, 32–33, 35–36, 39, 208n13
Richardson, Hilda, 77
Richardson, John, 148
Rimrock Lake, 10, 11, 19, 21, 25, 64, 64, 208n5
Rimrock Lake base camp, 14, 17, 22, 23–24, 38
River Freshney, 11
River Isortoq, 11
Robitaille, Benoit, 21
rock lichens. See lichens and lichen cover
Rocky Mountains, 77, 85–86, 180, 185
Roots, Fred, 209n6
Ross, Frank, 19, 21–23
Röthlisberger, Hans, 10
Rowley, Graham, 9
Rowley Island, 9. See also under DEW Line stations
Rowley River, 9, 17, 32, 34, 37
Royal Society Fiord, 9
Ryder, June, 119, 128, 145, 146, 162, 173, 212n7
S
Sagar, Brian: about, 170; recruitment to Baffin team, 44–45; 1962 fieldwork, 45, 47–48, 52; 1963 fieldwork, 61–62, 65; 1964 fieldwork, 76–78; 1965 fieldwork, 87–88; 1966 fieldwork, 125; other mentions, 96, 184
Salix arctica (Arctic willow), 155
Salix Richardsonii (Erect willow), 191
Sam Ford Fiord, 10, 12, 79, 135
sandar, 106, 128, 202. See also Ekalugad sandur
Sanderson, Marie, 44
Sangamon Interglacial, 189
Sanirajak. See Hall Beach
Scandinavian hypotheses on ice age history, 112, 178–79
Schefferville, 20, 50
Schwarzenbach, Fritz, 10, 182
Schytt, Valter, 43
Scott Inlet, 9, 132, 148
sea cliffs, 90, 185. See also Clyde Foreland
sea levels, former, 12, 36, 79, 90, 145, 179, 182, 208n10 (chap. 2), 215nn2–3
seashells. See fossils, marine
Sedgewick, Kent, 61, 63, 69, 85
Sentinel Glacier, 86
Separation Lake, 11, 32–33, 208n8
Separation Lake base camp, 22, 33
Serripes groenlandicus, 90
Shadow Mountain, 119, 120, 214n7 (chap. 8)
Sheardown, Ron, 49, 63, 210n2
Shenstone, Doug, 82
Sim, Vic: about, 17; 1961 reconnaissance, 19, 21–22, 28–29, 31–32, 35–36, 39, 40
Simpson, Ken, 119, 125
Smith, Ed, 78, 90, 212n7
Smith, Wendy. See Jocelyn, Wendy
Smithson, Bruce, 48, 51–52, 54, 56, 78, 189
Sons of the Clergy Islands, 82, 212n11
Sookocheff, Tim, 125, 127, 145
Soper, Dewey, 9, 182
Southern, R. M., 20, 208n2
Spartan Air Services, 89, 91–92, 142
Spruyt, Tijs Bellaar, 85
Stamp, Dudley, 76
Stanley, Alan, 145
Steensby Inlet, 12–13, 17, 34–35, 37, 89
St. Lawrence Seaway, 209n1
Stockholm University, 43
strandlines, 182, 215n3
Striding River, 11, 32
Strom, Mary, 145, 174
student recruitment. See recruitment of field researchers; women and fieldwork
submarine topography/mapping, 132, 135, 142, 148, 191
Surveys and Mapping Branch, 45, 81–82, 142, 153
Sutherland, Murray, 45
Sutherland, Patricia, 207n2 (chap. 1)
Svalbard, 178
Sweden, 12, 209n3. See also Scandinavian hypotheses
Szabo, Michael, 96
T
talus slopes, 90
Tay Sound, 52
Thomas, M. K., 213n6 (chap. 7)
Thompson, Brian, 54, 56
Thompson, Hugh, 19, 208n1
Tiger Ice Cap, 183
topographic maps/mapping, 45, 85–86, 100, 128, 142, 145, 208n4, 210n11. See also submarine topography/mapping
Tor Mountain, 112
Torngat Mountains, 13, 51, 76, 112, 178–79, 215n3, 215n5. See also Labrador-Ungava fieldwork; McGill Lab
tors, 112, 115, 115–16, 120, 186–87
tritium dating, 88
Trnavskis, B., 78
Troll, Carl, 76–77
Turner, J. H., 9
Turner Glacier, 9
Tweedsmuir Islands, 88–89
Tyrell, Joseph, 184
U
Umbilicaria Lake, 52–54, 56, 60
Ungava Bay, 50–51, 209n4
US Strategic Air Command (SAC), 51
V
Vaccinium uliginosum (Blueberry), 191
Vanier, Pauline, 212n9
van Steenburgh, W. E.: about, 208n10 (chap. 1); dealings with Ives, 43, 73–74, 97, 138; support of Baffin research, 16, 40–41, 60; other mentions, 137, 140, 151. See also Geographical Branch
vascular plants, 91, 128, 154–55, 182, 185, 189, 213n5 (chap. 8)
Vikings, 9, 207n2 (chap. 1)
Villarreal, Sandra, 190
W
Walker Arm, 10, 79
Walter, K. W., 213n6 (chap. 7)
Washburn, A. Lincoln, 139
Waters Research Branch, 119, 135
Watson, Adam, 182
Watts, Murray, 49, 61, 210n2, 213n4 (chap. 7)
Wayman, Stan, 125, 132
weather events and features: black frost, 211n5 (chap. 5); cloud, 93, 94, 213n5 (chap. 7); fog, 100, 117, 149–50; snow, 48; winds, 20, 70, 101, 213n1
weathering pits, 197
weathering zones, 187
Webber, P. J. (Pat): about, 162–63; recruitment to Baffin team, 60; 1963 fieldwork, 61, 64, 64, 65, 69, 188; 1964 fieldwork, 78–79; 1966 fieldwork, 128; 1967 fieldwork, 148; collections of plants, 189; other mentions, 3, 177, 190–91, 211n3
Weber, Hans (Housi), 10, 45–47, 184, 210n1
Weber, Richard, 210n1
Weir, T., 213n6 (chap. 7)
Wheeler Airlines, 61
wildlife: Arctic hare, 38, 208n11; caribou, 48; grey wolf, 125, 132
Wilson, Tuzo, 43, 181, 187
Windless Lake, 11, 37
Windless Lake base camp, 22, 36, 38
women and fieldwork, 44, 60–61, 80–81, 212n7
Wonders, W. C., 213n6 (chap. 7)
Woodsia alpina, 79
Woolsey Glacier, 86
Wordie, James, 182, 215n4
Wordie Expedition. See Cambridge University Expedition (1937)
Wynne-Edwards, V. C., 182
Z
Zaborski, Bogdan, 42