Index
Please note page numbers refer to the printed book. Use your e-reader's search function to locate terms in the e-book.
A
Aboriginal peoples, 5, 6, 10, 17, 20, 85. See also Amerindians; Indigenous peoples; North American Indians
aerial photographs, viii, xi, xvii, 28, 33, 90, 92, 93, 143
digitization, 40–41, 42n7. See also digitization (scanning)
historical interpretation, 33–38, 41, 111–22, 183–93, 197–219, 221n24, 221n30, 222. See also maps, historical interpretation
agricultural land, 86, 88, 102, 103, 121–23, 181, 204, 209, 210, 213, 277
agricultural decline, 198, 204, 213, 219
agriculture, x, xvii, xviii, 83, 85, 88–94, 99–100,104, 105, 131, 181, 188, 192, 198–201, 205, 218
shifting cultivation, 146
Aiguillon, France, 182, 184
Akenson, Donald, 107n26, 108n40, 199, 220n9
Alberta, province, viii, 245, 260, 266n27
Amerindians, 192. See also Aboriginal peoples; Indigenous peoples; North American Indians
Anderson, Kay, 14, 23n33
anthropologists, 135
anti-Chinese, 11, 228, 231, 237
ArcGIS (software), xiii, 24n40, 28, 29, 92, 96, 140, 177n4, 187, 240. See also Geographic Information Systems (GIS) software
ArcGIS for Server (web mapping software), 92. See also Geographic Information Systems (GIS) software
archives, xiv, xv, 94, 148, 175, 184, 185, 193. See also data archiving
archival work, 143, 145, 155, 182, 184, 187, 188, 193
archivists, x, xiv, 41, 233
Aultsville, Ontario, 32, 33
automobile, 252, 254, 255
B
Bakhtin, Mikhail, 20, 24n48
Baltimore, MD, 124
bankruptcy, 174, 179n22
Bay of Kamouraska, Québec, 183–93. See also Kamouraska County, Québec
Beard, Colleen, xvi, 28, 29, 33, 42n5
Bing Maps, 94
Boas, Franz, 6, 22n21
Bocking, Stephen, vii, viii, xvii, 59n4
Bodenhamer, David, 19, 24n45
Bonnell, Jennifer, xvi, 47, 48, 58–59n1,
breweries and distilleries, 52, 53, 54, 59n7, 88, 167, 174
British Colonist (newspaper), 4, 5, 14, 15, 16
British Columbia, 2, 3, 5, 14, 19, 21, 225, 246, 254, 255, 260, 266n27
Brock University, vii, 29, 33
Brock University Map Library, vii, 33
Brosseau, Alexander, 136, 148, 152n76
C
Canadian Century Research Infrastructure (CCRI), xii, xviii, 17, 240, 271–85, 286n25
Canadian Families Project, 17, 274, 285n12
Canadian Geographic Information System (CGIS), x, xviiin3
Canadian Geospatial Data Policy (KPMG Report), xiv
Canadian National Air Photo Library (NAPL), vii, viii, 93, 114, 187
Canadian Pacific Railway (CPR), 43, 129, 131, 148, 174. See also railways
Canadian shield, 83, 244
Canadian Underwriters Association, xv. See also fire insurance plans
Cannadine, David, 11, 23n29
canopy cover, xvii, 111–15, 118–25,125n2,127n24
Cantonese, language, 228, 232
Cardia, Emanuela, 242, 265n9
Carey, Joseph, 13
cartographers, xv, xviii, 143, 146, 200, 202
cartography, 130, 144, 145, 149n4, 200
categorization, geographic, 146, 147
Caughnawaga, Québec, 136
census enumerators, 17, 18, 198, 210, 271, 272, 277
census of agriculture, 197–223. See also agriculture; agriculture, shifting cultivation; Department of Agriculture and Forestry, Prince Edward Island
Census of Canada, 271–86. See also data, Census of Canada
Census of Prince Edward Island, 200
census, municipal, of Victoria, 5, 6, 9, 17, 22n17
censuses, 2, 17, 23n38, 197, 199, 220n8
centrality, 157, 163, 174
Centre interuniversitaire d’études québécoises (CIÉQ), 275, 285n2
chain migration, 226, 229, 231, 234
Chalmers, Robert, 206, 222n39
Chan, Stephanie, viii, 234, 235, 236
Chiang, Rudy, 232
China, 14, 20, 63, 200, 209, 210, 226, 227, 228, 229, 230, 232, 234
Chinatowns, 2, 11, 13, 15, 20, 63
Chinese Canadian Stories Project, viii, 233, 234, 237
Chinese Canadians, viii, 227–37. See also immigration, Chinese
Chinese Head Tax (in Canada), xviii, 225–37
Chow, Phoebe, viii, 232
Chronotope, 20
Chudacoff, Howard, 71, 73, 74, 80n29, 80n24
church membership information, 62
Church of Scotland, 62, 66, 68
church pew rents, 61–65, 68–71, 75–78
Clark, Andrew Hill, 184, 195, 206, 220n7, 222n40
Clifford, Jim, vii, xvi, 29
climate change, 181, 193
coal, 49, 54, 242, 243, 245, 265n12
collaboration, research, ix, x, xvi, 2, 45, 48, 58, 85, 91, 99, 105, 175, 221n30, 233–34
colonialism, 3, 5, 18
colonization, 102, 143
colonization roads, 86, 100, 103
communion rolls, 64, 65, 66, 70, 71, 72
conservation, environmental, xvii, 46, 48, 52, 57, 89, 96, 99, 101, 102, 104, 105, 121
conservation, heritage, 105
Coolidge, Jake, 234
copyright, Canada, x, xii, xiii, xiv, xv, 49, 94
copyright legislation, Canada, x, xii, xiii
Crown copyright, Canada, xiii
Cornwall, Ontario, 31
Costello, Frank, 215, 216, 217
Craib, Raymond, 143, 149n4, 151n50
Crawford, Isabella Valancy, 101
Critical Thinking Consortium, 233
Cummins Atlas, Prince Edward Island (1928), 214, 216, 217
Cunfer, Geoff, 200, 221n18
D
Darroch, Gordon, 279, 280, 285n5, 286n20, 286n25, 286n27
data
archiving, 48
Census of Canada, xii, xvii, 3, 13, 113, 210, 240–41, 246, 250, 271–86. See also Census of Canada
geospatial, x, xi, xii, xiii, xiv, xv, 27, 48, 59, 64, 93, 95, 176n1, 184–86, 193, 219, 229, 240
sampling, 14–16, 74, 114–15, 198, 203, 209–19, 272–74, 277–84, 286n25
topographic, 58, 92, 139. See also maps, topographic
Data access in Canada, history, xi, xiii, xiv, xv. See also open data
databases
contextual, 272, 273, 275
relational, 64, 96, 177, 272
David Rumsey Historical Map Collection, xi, 28
de Cosmos, Amor, 13
Dean, Joanna, viii, xvii, 112, 125n1, 126n19, 127n22
decolonization, 149
deforestation, 111, 197, 202, 219
Dendron Resources, Ottawa, 203
Department of Agriculture and Forestry, Prince Edward Island, 201. See also agriculture
Department of Indian Affairs (DIA), Canada, 129, 136, 139
Department of National Defence, Canada, 93
Department of the Interior, Canada, 201, 202
developed land, 210–13
digital history, xiii, 233
digital humanities, xiii, 19
digitization (geospatial data creation), xv, 114–16, 230
digitization (scanning), x, xii, xv, xvii, 4, 14, 17, 33, 37, 40, 41, 45, 48–49, 58, 93, 94, 114, 185, 275, 277, 278, 279. See also aerial photographs, digitization
digitization of canopy cover, manual, 114. See also digitization (geospatial data creation)
discourse analysis, 2, 20
DMTI Spatial Inc. (geospatial data provider), 229
Don River Improvement Project, 43, 46, 55
Don River, Toronto, 43–45, 54, 66
Don River Valley, Toronto, vii, 43–58, 58n1
Don River Watershed, Toronto, 46, 48, 52, 57
Lower Don River, 44, 45, 50, 52, 55
West Don River, 45
Don Valley Historical Mapping Project, vii, ix, xvii, 43–58
Don Valley Parkway, Toronto, 44, 46, 56
dot-grid methodology, 114
Dougherty, Frank, 215, 218
Dufaux, François, viii, xvii, 177n7, 178n16
Dunae, Patrick A., xvi, 21n3,21n9, 22n18, 23n36,23n37
Dutch elm disease (DED), 118, 119, 121, 126
E
Edmonds, Penelope, 4, 22n11, 22n13, 23n30
electricity consumption, xviii, 100, 239–64
electrification, 245–64. See also hydroelectric power
Ell, Paul, xi, xii, xviiin4, xviiin10, 107, 108, 285, 286
emerald ash borer (EAB), 122, 123
enclosure, land, 139, 149
energy consumption, xviii, 88, 100, 219, 239–64
environmental conservation, xvii, 46, 48, 52, 57, 89, 96, 99, 101–2, 104–5
environmental history, xiii, xvi, xvii, 44–48, 55, 58n7, 83–106, 112, 125, 147, 187, 239–41, 264n2. See also historians, environmental
environmental justice, 112, 123
environmental timeline, 183, 193
erosion, xvii, 181–195
ESRI (GIS software manufacturer), xiii, 24n40, 59n8, 92, 139. See also Geographic Information Systems (GIS) software
ESRI Press, xi. See also Geographic Information Systems (GIS) software
ethnicity, 6–11, 61–63, 67–68, 74, 78, 79n6,127, 130, 227, 273
ethnography, 19
F
farms, 86–99, 102–3, 197–200, 206–10, 214–19, 221, 223, 240, 248–56, 258–64, 268n53. See also agriculture
abandoned farms, 198–99, 206–10, 214
census farms, 198, 208, 209, 210
Faucher, Louis-Jean, viii, 139, 140
Fawcett, Edgar, 5, 22n15
Fernow, Bernhard, 206, 222n41
field observations, 184, 185, 190, 202
fire insurance plans, xv, 17, 18, 47–49, 54, 64, 94, 95, 96. See also Goad, Charles E.
Fires, 9, 102, 103, 153–76
First Nations, 5, 145, 147, 240, 279. See also Aboriginal peoples; Indigenous peoples
Forbidden City, 2, 11, 13, 16, 20. See also Un-Forbidden City
forest biomass inventory, 203
forest reversion, 199, 204, 216
foresters, xvi, xvii, 104, 111, 113, 114, 121, 125, 127, 201, 202, 206
Fort Rupert, British Columbia, 5
Fortin, Marcel, xvi, 48, 240
Foucault, Michel, 3, 14, 21n5, 21n10
fox tax, 210
Frank, Zephyr, 234
Free Church of Scotland, 66
fuel
cooking, 137
storage, 59
use, xviii, 214–15, 239–64, 265n12. See also energy consumption
Fujian, 227
G
Gaffield, Chad, xii, 285n14
gas, including natural gas, 53, 59, 167, 174, 222, 242, 243, 245, 250, 265n12
gasoline, 244, 263, 268n53
General Register of Chinese Immigration, 225–28
geocoding, 64, 284
geographers, ix, xi, xii, xvi, xvii, xviii, 11, 18, 19, 28, 105, 139, 146, 176, 184, 193, 198, 206, 219
historical, xi, xii, xvii, 85, 182, 184
urban, 1
Geographic Information Systems (GIS) software, x, xi, xiii, 24n40, 27–28, 33, 56, 64, 91–92, 139, 145, 147, 177n4, 186, 229, 240, 279
geohumanities, 2, 19
Geological Survey of Canada (GSC), 202, 205
georectified, 35, 39. See also georeferencing
georeferencing, xi, xii, 5, 17, 23n39, 24n40, 28, 33, 41, 45, 48, 50, 90–91, 93, 94, 96, 107n31, 114, 139–40, 185, 203. See also georectified; historical photographs, geotagging of
Gephi (software), 235, 236
Gilliland, Jason, xii, xiii, xvi, xixn12, xixn13, 21n3, 21n9, 22n26, 23n31, 24n41 176n1, 177n9, 178n16, 179n23
Glen, William, viii, xvii, 221n20, 221n25, 221n26, 222n34,222n35, 223n58
Global Positioning System (GPS), 37, 38, 145, 183, 185, 186, 187, 190, 193, 231, 232
Goad, Charles E., xv, 175. See also fire insurance plans
Gold Mountain, 228, 234
Google Earth (software), vii, xiii, xvi, 27–42, 57–58, 94
Google Maps, 27, 28, 29, 30, 42n3, 42n7, 92, 94. See also mashups
Google Maps API, 92, 95. See also mashups
Gould, Stephen J., 193, 195n31
Grand Trunk Railway, 37–38, 167. See also railways
Great Britain, 273
Great Britain Historical GIS Project, xi, 284, 285n9
Gréber, Jacques, 117, 118
Gregory, Ian, xi, xviiin4, xviiin10, 107n28, 108n39, 108n69, 268n54, 284, 286n29
groundtruthing, 33
Guangdong province, China, 227, 230, 232
H
Haida Gwaii (formerly Queen Charlotte Islands), British Columbia, 5
Hale, Jordan, vii, 240
Haliburton County, Ontario, 84–88, 102–6
Harris, Cole, 21n10, 106n6
Harvey, Megan, xvi, 21n3, 23n34
Hatvany, Matthew, viii, xvii, 194n2, 194n6, 194n7, 194n8, 195n12
Hawaiian, 4
Hayes, Derek, vii
heritage conservation, 105
Hermansen, Sally, viii, xviii, 229, 234
Heungsan County, China, 232
Hinson, Andrew, xvii, 79n14, 79n15, 79n7
Historians
amateur, 99
American, xi
architectural, xvii, 176
Canadian, xvi, 44, 241
cultural, 1, 2,
economic, 219
environmental, 28, 44, 85, 90, 91, 199, 202, 218, 219. See also environmental history
health, 226
local, 38, 40, 85, 96,
public, 41
social, 62, 176, 241, 279,
spatial, 234
urban, 73, 78,
urban forest, 112
Historians and Geographic Information Systems use, ix–xiii, xiv, 18, 19, 27–29, 41, 44–45, 73, 84–85, 90, 99, 105, 144–47, 176, 193–94, 198, 202, 218, 219, 228–29, 240, 242
historic site designation, 34
historical geography, xvi, 90, 99, 271
Historical GIS (HGIS)
challenges in using, ix, x, xiii, xv, 17, 18, 19, 44, 47, 49, 58, 93, 94, 96, 105, 106
in history of architecture, 175
limitations, 124, 147
historical photographs, 2, 32–35, 38–40, 90–91, 93, 96, 118–21, 125, 126n18, 143, 155, 233. See also historical photographs, geotagging of
historical photographs, geotagging of, 35, 39. See also georeferencing
Historical Statistics of the United States, 221
Hoisan county, China, 232
households, 5, 17–20, 70–75, 77, 173, 178, 228, 241–43, 246–51, 256, 259–63, 279–80, 284
Howe, C. D., 107, 108, 206
Hudson’s Bay Company, 5
hydroelectric power, 29, 130, 133, 241–56, 260, 265n12, 267n35. See also electrification
I
Iceland, 273
imagined geographies, xviii, 227–28
immigrants, 3, 4, 16, 20, 200, 229–33, 245
immigration,
Chinese, 11, 13, 225–37. See also Chinese Canadians
inland, 86, 89
improved land, 197–200, 206–10, 217–19, 220n4, 219n8, 222n42, 267n37
income tax, 210
incubator, 261
Indian Act, Canadian, 135, 140
Indian Quarter, 6, 20
Indian Reserve, 5, 9
Indigenous land practices, xvii, 129–32, 143–49
Indigenous peoples, xvii, 2–13, 20, 129–49, 149n3, 245. See also Aboriginal peoples; Amerindians; North American Indians
industrial classification, 59
industrial development, 43–44, 47–48, 55–56, 64, 83–85, 88–90, 103, 130, 132, 167, 174, 192, 232, 239, 244–46, 258
Integrated Public Use Microdata Series Project (IPUMS), 273
intermarriage, 6, 20. See also mixed-race families
interviews,
audio, 33, 35
video, 233, 237
Iroquois or Haudenosaunee, 132, 143
J
Jacobs, Jane, 4, 22n11
Jacobsen, Johannes, 6, 22n20
K
Kahnawá:ke (Kahnawake), Québec, viii, xvii, 129–49
Kamouraska County, Québec, xvii, 182–94. See also Bay of Kamouraska, Québec
Kataratiron (Joseph Jacob), 138
Katz, Michael, 72, 74, 80n26, 80n25
kernel density technique, GIS, 77
Khakwani, Oliver, viii, 234
Klinkenberg, Brian, xiii, xiv, xixn15, 127n25
Knowles, Anne Kelly, ix, xi, xviiin2, 21n2, 21n9, 24n45, 107n27,107n28, 107n29, 107n37,265n11, 268n54
Knox Presbyterian Church, Toronto, xvii, 61–78
KPMG report, xiv
L
Labrador, Canada, 201
Lachandière, Jacques, 147
Lachine Canal, 30, 130, 167
Lafreniere, Don, xii, xvi, 21n3, 21n9, 22n26, 23n31, 24n40
Lai, David, 14, 22n27, 23n33
Lake Ontario, xvi, 34, 35, 36, 45, 48, 54, 57, 77, 83, 84, 86, 88, 100, 104
Land Information Ontario (LIO), vii
land surveyors, 13, 50, 103–4, 132–34, 138, 143–44, 201
land surveys, xvi, 35, 36, 49, 50, 54, 85, 86, 103, 104, 129–46, 148–49, 163–64, 199, 201–3, 205–6
forest surveys, 201, 203
photographic surveys, 200–201
land tenure, 131, 134
land use, x, xv, 17, 47, 49, 89, 90, 92, 93, 98–99, 104–5, 133–34, 138, 140–46, 198, 199–200, 201, 202, 203, 205, 206, 208, 210, 211, 213, 214, 218, 219, 221, 244
land use change, 198, 200, 202, 208, 213–14, 219
land, cleared under-reported, 208, 209, 210, 219
land, crop under-reporting, 197, 198, 208, 209, 210, 219
Lefebvre, Henri, 3, 20, 21, 177
librarians, x, xi, xiv, xv, xvi, xvii, 41, 48, 64, 85, 233
changing role of, x, 48–49
data, map, and GIS librarians, x, xv, xvi, 28, 29, 33, 44, 48, 64, 85, 240
libraries, xiv, xv, xvii, 48, 49, 58, 91, 93–94, 114, 139, 187, 226, 232, 233, 234, 277
changing role of libraries, 44–45
map libraries, vii, xv, 28, 33, 37, 40–41, 44–45, 48, 58, 91, 222
Library and Archives Canada, vii, xv, 28, 226, 234, 277, 285n1
lighting
electric, 246–50, 260–63
lighting, 255, 256
loans and financing, 139, 157, 168, 171, 173, 174, 178n14, 178n21, 228
Lost Rivers, advocacy group, vii, 57
lumber, 49, 54, 88, 100, 102, 164, 167, 214, 216. See also timber; wood
Lutz, John, xvi, 21n3, 21n9, 22n14, 22n26, 23n34, 149n3
M
Macdonald, John A., 139, 151n45, 168
MacEachern, Alan, vii, xiii, 221n30, 264n2
MacFadyen, Joshua D., vii, xvii
MacFarlane, Daniel, vii, xvi, 29, 42n1
Mandarin, language, 232
Manitoba, province, 200, 201, 260, 266n27
Mannahatta project, New York City, xii, xviii–xixn11
maple trees, 114, 117, 124, 132
Manitoba maples, 124
Norway maples, 114, 126n15
silver maples, 117, 124
maps
accuracy of, 50, 51
cadastral, 17, 18, 24, 129, 131, 140, 148, 155, 185, 187, 198, 199, 202, 205, 214, 218–19
historical interpretation, 50, 55, 193, 214, 228. See also aerial photography, historical interpretation; historical photographs
National Topographic Service (NTS), 202, 221n28
topographic, 48, 86, 90, 92, 93, 94, 95, 97, 146. See also data, topographic
marshes, xvii, 44, 45, 50, 54, 59, 85
salt marshes, xvii, 181–94
Marvin, Jenny, xvii
mashups, 33. See also Google Earth (software); Google Maps; Google Maps API
Massena, New York, 29
Massey, Doreen, 1, 20, 21n1, 24n47
Mawani, Renisa, 4, 14, 22n11, 22n13, 22n25, 23n33
McAuliffe, Terry, vii
McDougald, Thomas, 214, 216
McInnis, Marvin, 107, 219, 220, 223n62
Metcalf, Cameron, xvii
Métis, 135
microdata, census, 271–286. See also Census of Canada; data, Census of Canada
Microsoft, 94
Microsoft Excel (software), 96, 177, 187, 229
migration nodes, 228
migration patterns, 232, 234, 235, 236
mills, vii, 39, 40, 59n7, 87, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 100, 101, 102, 255, 263
pulp and paper, 59n7, 244, 255
saw mills, 6, 59n7, 86, 94, 96, 101, 102. See also lumber
windmills, 263
Mills, Helen, vii
Ministry of Natural Resources, Ontario, 93. See also Land Information Ontario (LIO)
Ministry of Natural Resources, Quebec, 189
Minnesota Population Center (MPC), 273
Mitchell, Peta, 18, 19, 24n44
mixed-race families, 6, 9, 10, 20. See also intermarriage
Mohawks (Kahnawá:kehró:non), xvii, 129–49
Moldofsky, Byron, viii, xviii, 240, 286n20
Mont-Saint-Michel, France, 182, 192
Montreal, xii, xvii, 11, 69, 113, 121, 129, 130, 132, 153–176, 230
Great Fire of 1852, 153, 178n3
Montreal region, 129–44
St. Mary Street, 155, 157, 158, 163–64, 167, 173–76, 177n3, 178n20, 179n24
Mulvany, Charles Pelham, 76, 80n30
Murray River watershed, Prince Edward Island, 212, 213–14
N
narrative, 11, 90, 99, 101–2, 125, 145, 147, 176, 198, 211, 218, 229, 231, 244, 258
National Topographic Data Base (NTDB), xiv
natural processes, 190–93
Network in Canadian History and Environment (NiCHE), vii, xiii, xix, 42, 48, 91
New Brunswick, Canada, 67, 201, 206, 210, 246
New York State, 29
Newberry Library, Chicago, xi
Newfoundland, Canada, 132, 230, 266n27
Niagara Falls, Ontario, 34, 266n29
Niagara Region, Ontario, 28, 33, 40
North American Indians, 9, 11. See also Aboriginal peoples; Indigenous peoples
Norway, 273
Nova Scotia, Canada, 206, 210, 246, 260, 266n27
O
occupational categorization, 69, 76, 77
Ohionkoton (Angus Jacob), 136, 150n32
oil furnaces, 242
Oka Crisis, 143, 151
Olson, Sherry, viii, xii, xiii, xvii, xixn12, 11, 21, 23, 176n1, 176n2, 177n7, 177n9
Ontario County Map Project, 59
Ontario, Canada, xvi, xvii, 85, 92, 94, 102, 123, 210, 246, 254, 255
South-central Ontario, 83–86
Southern Ontario, 90
open access, 44, 48, 58, 284
open data, xiv
Orlandini, Rosa, 176n1
Ottawa, Ontario, xvii, 111–25
Alta Vista, 111, 119, 121–25
Lowertown, 117, 118–21, 123, 124, 125
New Edinburgh, 118, 123, 124
Ottawa Public Library, 234
overlay, GIS technique, 31, 32, 33, 35, 36, 37, 38, 56, 90, 92, 94, 96, 164
P
Parks Canada, 34
Parr, Joy, 241, 244, 245, 264n6, 264–65n7, 265n17, 265n20, 266n21
Parsons, H. M., 66, 69, 79n10
Pasher, Jon, viii, xvii, 112, 113
Peluso, Nancy, 144, 145, 146, 151n54, 151n60, 152n66
Peterborough County, Ontario, 88
Peterborough Examiner (newspaper), 103
Peterborough, Ontario, 84, 85, 86, 96, 97, 99, 100, 101, 102
planning horizon, 176
Platt, Harold, 253, 265n10, 266n24
plumbers, 62, 63, 76, 78
population density, xviii, 18, 77, 123, 157, 257, 258, 264, 282
Port Dalhousie, Ontario, 34, 35, 36, 38
Port Industrial District, Toronto, 44, 54, 59n3
Potter, Jonathan, 14, 21n7, 23n32
precision, in using HGIS, 17, 23n39, 36, 107, 155, 175, 185, 187
Presbyterian Church in Canada, 66, 68, 69
Presbyterianism, 62, 68
presentism, 182
Prince Edward Island, Canada, xviii, 197–219, 246, 260
property
boundaries, 17, 86, 130, 140, 164, 202, 214–17
land expropriation, xvii, 131, 148, 154, 161, 162, 166, 172, 174–76, 179n23
ownership, 13, 18, 32, 33, 86, 124, 132, 134, 136, 138, 153, 155, 157, 167, 173–76, 198, 205, 210, 216, 217
taxation, 18, 167, 175, 200, 210
public lands, 205, 206, 210
Public Use Microdata Files (PUMF), 273, 274
pulp and paper, 244, 255
Q
QGIS / Quantum GIS (free and open source software), xiii, 28. See also Geographic Information Systems (GIS) software
Québec, Canada, 29, 181, 246, 254, 255
Québec City, 184
R
race, xvi, 1–20, 112, 134, 264
racism, 2, 3, 4, 11, 14, 19, 228
radios, 252, 254, 255, 260
railways, 27, 37, 38, 46, 88, 89, 90, 93, 99–101, 102–3, 105, 130, 174, 182, 203, 210, 234, 244, 255, 256
electric railways, 256
Rajala, Richard, 201, 221n23
Reid, Gerald, 135, 150n21
remittances, 226, 228
research collaboration, ix, x, xvi, 2, 45, 48, 58, 59n985, 91, 99, 105, 175, 221n30, 233, 234, 237
research data centres, viii, 274. See also Statistics Canada
residential mobility, 71, 74, 227, 228
Richardson, Douglas, 19, 24n46
Roy, Patricia E., 14, 21n10, 22n24, 22n27, 23n33
Royal Canadian Air Force (RCAF), 201
Rueck, Daniel, viii, xvii, 149n1
Rundstrom, Robert, 144, 146, 147, 151n51, 151n53, 151n55, 151n64, 152n68
rural population, 86, 203, 258, 259, 263, 266n27, 267n35, 267n40, 267n41, 267n42
S
Sanderson, Eric, xii
Sandwell, Ruth, vii, viii, xviii, 199, 220n10, 264n2, 267n42
Saskatchewan, Canada, 135, 236, 246, 260, 266n27
satellite images, 139–40
Scale, geographic, x, 17, 47, 49, 56, 90, 93, 114, 117, 118, 153–57, 175–76, 185, 201–3, 213
Schuurman, Nadine, 146, 151n62, 152n67, 152n70
Scott, James, 149n3, 199, 200, 218, 220n12
sedimentation, 182, 190–93
sex trade workers, 5
Shapefiles, 57, 59n8, 60, 274
Shediac, New Brunswick, 201
Simon Fraser University, viii, 226
Simpkin, Sarah, 240
Skatsentie, Chief (Joseph Williams), 133–35, 150n15
Sketchup (software), 155, 168, 176n2, 177n4
smallpox, 6
social indices, xvii, 112, 117
social mobility, 74, 75, 155
Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council (SSHRC), viii, xiii, 21, 112, 226, 240
Songhees, 4–6, 9–11
Southall, Humphrey, xi
space syntax, 155, 175, 177n8, 177n9, 179n24
spatial analysis, viii, 2, 31, 63, 90, 104, 105, 112, 113, 125, 229, 279
spatial history, xi, xii, 1, 11, 29, 33, 41, 44, 47, 55, 234, 272. See also geohumanities; historical GIS (HGIS)
spatial patterns, xi, xvi, xviii, 2, 14, 32, 63, 78, 85, 90, 91, 99, 105, 114–15, 184, 234, 277
spatial statistics, xii, 77
spatio-temporal, 1, 18, 20, 95, 115, 184, 187, 193, 231, 234, 235
split families, 228
spruce, white (Picea gluaca), 203, 208, 210, 211, 214
SPSS (software), 229, 279. See also statistical software
St. Lawrence Estuary, xvii, 181–94
St. Lawrence Power Project, 32
St. Lawrence River, 29, 130, 131
St. Lawrence Seaway, xvi, 27–33, 36, 130
Stanford University Spatial History Lab, viii, xii, 234
statistical analysis, 18, 77, 112, 117, 124, 125, 198, 200, 209, 213, 226, 237, 246, 256, 258
statistical software, 229, 272, 282
Statistics Canada, viii, 249, 258, 260, 261, 266n33, 285n1, 285n2
Steiner, Erik, 234, 235
street network, 64, 174, 177n8
suburban development, 46, 121–23, 232
sugarbush, 132–34, 138, 141–43
Sunwoy county, China, 232
Sweeny, Robert, xii, xiii, 176n1, 176n2, 178n13, 178n18
T
talking map, 38
Tam, Edith, viii, 232
text-mapping, 14
the substitution (legal mechanism), 173, 178
Thiretha (Peter Diome), 138
Tian, H. Q., 200, 221n19, 223n64
timber, 86–90, 94, 96
timber industry, 101–5. See also lumber; wood
Toronto, Ontario, vii, xvi, xvii, 43–58, 61–78, 121
Ashbridge’s Bay, 44, 54
Ashbridge’s Bay Marsh, 44, 59n3
Toronto Harbour, 44, 45, 47, 54
transactional space, 11, 16
Trent University, 84, 91
Trent University Archives, vii
Trent University Library, vii, 91, 93
Trent-Severn Waterway, 86, 89, 90, 99, 102, 103
Trigger, Rosalyn, 69, 79n4, 80, 176
Trust and Loan Company of Upper Canada,, 168
Turkel, William J., vii, xiii, 107–108n38, 221n30, 264n2
U
Un-Forbidden City, 11, 13, 14, 15, 16, 20. See also Forbidden City
Underwriters’ Survey Bureau, xv. See also fire insurance plans
unidirectional, 193
United States, x, xi, xii, xiii, 29, 71, 88, 102, 103, 121, 123, 184, 190, 199, 200, 206, 213, 225, 228, 242, 263, 273, 284
University of British Columbia (UBC), viii, xiii, 226, 229, 232, 233, 234, 237
University of British Columbia Asian Library, 232
University of Toronto Map and Data Library, vii, 52, 57
urban forest, 111–25
urban form, xii, xv, xvi, xvii, 1– 20, 44–47, 49, 111–25, 153–76, 228
urban renewal, 112, 118, 121, 124, 125
urbanization, 239, 242, 246, 258
V
vacuum cleaners (electric), 252, 254, 255
Vankoughnet, Lawrence, 136, 150n16, 150n18, 150n20, 150n24, 150n25, 150n26, 150n28, 150n29, 150n30, 150n34, 150n35, 150n36, 151n39, 151n41, 151n42, 151n44
Victoria, British Columbia, xvi, 1–20, 228, 229, 266
ViHistory Project (Vancouver Island History Project), 17
W
Walbank map, 139, 140, 145
Walbank Survey, 130–32, 139, 145
Walbank, William Mclea, 130–40, 144, 149, 150n10, 150n16, 150n18, 150n20, 150n25, 150n26, 150n29, 150n30, 150n34, 150n35, 150n36, 151n39, 151n41, 151n42, 151n43, 151n44, 151n45, 152n74
Ward, Peter W., viii, 14, 21, 23, 226, 237
water, running, 242, 250, 251, 252, 253
watersheds, ix, 33, 45, 46, 48, 52, 57, 84, 104, 198, 202, 207, 211-214, 219
Welland Canal, 31, 33, 34, 36
Welland Canals, historic, xvi, 29, 33, 35
West River Watershed, Prince Edward Island, 212, 213
Western University Map Library, vii
wetlands, 45, 47, 50, 94, 182, 184, 202, 203, 210, 212, 215
White, Richard, xi, xii, xviiin5, 1, 21n2, 59n4, 107n27
Whiteread, Rachel, 1, 2, 20, 21
Wilmot River Watershed, Prince Edward Island, 212, 213
Winnipeg, Manitoba, 114, 260, 266n29
women, 5, 13, 135, 199, 228, 241, 242, 251, 273
women’s work, 242
wood, 5, 96, 100, 132, 134, 136, 138, 147, 212, 214, 242, 243. See also timber; lumber
firewood, 134, 138, 242, 243
fuelwood, 136, 137, 214, 215, 242, 243
hardwood, 102, 203, 212, 214, 215, 216
mixedwood, 212, 213, 214
pulpwood, 214
softwood, 203, 212, 214, 215, 216
studwood, 214
woodland, 46, 112, 113, 199, 221n38
woodlots, 88, 103, 121, 122, 163, 199, 206, 214, 216, 218
Wright, Miriam, 230
Y
Yu, Henry, viii, xviii, 226, 228, 229, 233, 234, 235
Yuen, Eleanor, viii, 232
Z
Zeller, Suzanne, 200, 220n15
Zhang, Feng, 226
Znamirowski, Barbara, vii, viii, xvii
zoom, as a form of analysis, 37, 56, 107n31, 154–55, 171, 175, 187