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table of contents
  1. Half Title Page
  2. Title Page
  3. Copyright Page
  4. Dedication
  5. Table of Contents
  6. Preface
  7. Acknowledgements
  8. Illustrations
  9. 1. From Professor to Politician (1981–1997)
  10. 2. From Waiting to Running (1998–2004)
  11. 3. Life on the Back Bench (2005–2006)
  12. 4. PC Leadership Campaign: The Accidental Premier (2006)
  13. 5. Legislating Conservation: Success and Failure (2007–2009)
  14. 6. How I Became Finance Minister (2009)
  15. 7. Finance Minister (2010)
  16. 8. How I Unbecame Finance Minister (2010)
  17. 9. The Prairie Putsch (2011)
  18. 10. Redford and Prentice: The End of the PC Dynasty (2011–2015)
  19. 11. The Decline and Fall of the PC Empire: A Post-Morton
  20. 12. The Alberta Agenda: From Fringe to Mainstream
  21. Appendix 1 Power to the Parents: A Vindication of Bill 208
  22. Appendix 2 The Family as the Moral Foundation of Freedom: The Forgotten Dimension of Liberalism
  23. Appendix 3 After 40 years, the Charter is still one of the worst bargains in Canadian history
  24. F.L. (Ted) Morton Bibliography
  25. Notes
  26. Index

Illustrations

A black and white political cartoon from 1915 of a large cow on a farm with six different men dressed in attire from the early 20th century. Three men are farmers, and three are businessmen wearing three-piece suits and top hats. Each of the three farmers are located beside a sign labelled “Alberta,” “Saskatchewan,” and “Manitoba,” respectively. The farmers are depicted as working hard, feeding bales of hay to the cow. The three businessmen are beside the label “Eastern Canada,” and are depicted as greedily milking the cow. The milk is going into three buckets labelled “Ottawa,” “Toronto,” and “Montreal”.

“Alberta Milch Cow, 1915.” Arch Dale, “The Milch Cow,” The Grain Growers Guide, December 15, 1915. Glenbow Library and Archives NA-3055-24.

Black and white image. This is an image of an invitation to a “No More Sober Second Thought” Stampede Party hosted by Ted and Bambi Morton. It includes a close-up of a picture of Ted and Bambi smiling and wearing cowboy hats. The invitation notes there will be a Western Dinner and Patio Two-Step Dancing.
Black and white photograph of Ted and Bambi Morton dancing outside at the “No More ‘Sober Second Thought’” Stampede Party. Ted and Bambi are smiling towards the camera and Ted is wearing a cowboy hat.

“No More ‘Sober Second Thought” Stampede party. July 10, 1998.

Black and white brochure containing a picture of Ted and Bambi Morton, surrounded by text listing Ted’s campaign priorities. Ted and Bambi are wearing cowboy hats and smiling at the bottom of the brochure. The text of the brochure is organized into three sections: “Dear Fellow Reformers,” “The Senate,” and “The Supreme Court.” The text underscores Ted Morton’s commitment to achieving Triple-E Senate Reform, parliamentary hearings for judicial nominees, and use of the legislative notwithstanding power.

“Dear Fellow Reformers.” Morton Campaign Brochure for 1998 Alberta Senate election.

Description

“Dear Fellow Reformers” reads: “As your Senatorial candidate, I would bring to the Party 25 years of study and striving to influence the political process through my writings about Canadian politics. Like you, the more I see, the more upset I become over the steady decline in democracy and accountability in Ottawa. The three worst offenders are the Senate, the Supreme Court, and the so-called "national unity" issue. And like you, I've had enough of unelected senators who do too little and unelected judges who do too much. I've had enough of the national unity "problem" being blamed on those who believe in Canada rather than those who want to destroy it.”

“The Senate” reads: “The Senate is a national embarrassment that must be reformed or abolished. For Western Canadians, reform is the only option. Every federal state worthy of the name has an upper house that represents regions. If we'd had a Triple E Senate in 1980, Trudeau could not have rammed through the Liberals' National Energy Policy (NEP). I am committed to achieving some form of Triple E Senate reform.”

“The Supreme Court” reads: “The Supreme Court of Canada has become the single most serious threat to provincial rights and regional democracy. Simply put, unelected, unaccountable judges are making social and economic policy contrary to the intended meaning of the Charter of Rights. This must be stopped. As your Senator, I will continue to advocate term limits, parliamentary hearings for judicial nominees, and use of the legislative notwithstanding power. We must return the Court to its proper role of interpreting laws rather than making laws.”

Black and White magazine cover. This is the cover of the Western Standard from August 30, 2004. It contains a close-up of Ted Morton’s face, looking serious, with the headline “Premier-in-Waiting?” It reads: “Ted Morton, academic, architect of the firewall and Senator-elect, wants to add provincial politics to his resumé. Why does that have some Conservatives feeling nervous?”

“Premier in Waiting.” Cover of Western Standard, August 30. 2004. Material republished with the express permission of Western Standard New Media Corp.

Black and white campaign brochure. There is a picture of Ted Morton seated and smiling with his hands folded, beside text that reads “Ted Morton has a plan for Alberta’s Future.” Underneath that text, it says “Our Future. Our Choices. Our Premier.”

“Our Future, Our Choices, Our Premier.” Morton Campaign Brochure for 2006 PC Leadership election.

Black and white newspaper clipping from the Edmonton Journal. This image contains three pictures side-by-side of the three PC leadership candidates from 2006: Jim Dinning, Ted Morton, and Ed Stelmach. The headline is “Morton Makes it a Contest”, and the text underneath says, “Dinning faces surprisingly tight race for Tory Crown, with Stelmach 3rd.” There is a quote from each leadership candidate under their picture. Underneath the picture of Jim Dinning smiling, Dinning is quoted as saying, “In seven days our party and our province have a choice to make. A choice between tackling tomorrow’s challenges, or fighting yesterday’s battles.” Underneath the picture of Ted Morton smiling, Morton is quoted as saying “That message is bold and clear and it’s a message I like. Change is on the way.” Underneath a picture of Ed Stelmach smiling, it says “When you get to the Olympics, you don’t get there and then quit.”

“Morton makes it a contest.” Edmonton Journal, November 26, 2006. Material republished
with the express permission of: Edmonton Journal/Calgary Herald, a division of Postmedia Network Inc.

Black and white newspaper clipping from the Calgary Herald. This image contains three pictures side-by-side of the three PC leadership candidates from 2006: Jim Dinning, Ted Morton, and Ed Stelmach. The headline is “Who will be premier?”, and the text underneath says “One of these men is the next Tory leader.” Underneath the picture of Jim Dinning speaking, it says “Front-runner must show more spark and fire.” Underneath the picture of Ted Morton speaking into a microphone, it says “most conservative contender stood firmly by his guns.” Underneath a picture of Ed Stelmach smiling, it says “Rural-based candidate quietly reaches runoff.”

“Who will be premier?” Calgary Herald, November 26, 2006. Material republished
with the express permission of: Edmonton Journal/Calgary Herald, a division of Postmedia Network Inc.

Black and white political cartoon from the Calgary Sun from January 9, 2010. The image depicts Ted Morton opening up a door to his chest, with his heart, labelled “Wildrose”, running away. Premier Stelmach, depicted as a cupid, is shooting an arrow into the opening in Morton’s chest. In a speech bubble, Morton says “Yep… ya got me.”

“Yep Ya Got Me.” Calgary Sun, January 9, 2010. “Premier Stelmach appoints Ted Morton as the new Alberta Finance Minister.” Material republished with the express permission of the artist, Tim Rotheisler.

Black and white political cartoon. The cartoon, from the section “Sun Comment” in the Calgary Sun, depicts Ted Morton as a bull, with horns and nose ring. The Alberta Shield and the words “Ted Morton” are taped to the bull. Approaching Ted Morton is Prime Minister Stephen Harper wearing a top hot that says “Ottawa” and seer-sucker attire, carrying a bucket and a stool.

“Harper Milking the Alberta Cow.” Calgary Sun, January 17, 2010. “Prime Minister Harper coming to Milk Alberta’s New Finance Minister Ted Morton.” Material republished with the express permission of the artist, Tim Rotheisler.

Black and white newspaper clipping. The headline is “Morton quits cabinet for bid to lead Tories.” An image shows Ted Morton speaking, with Ed Stelmach looking on in the background. The subheading says “Surprise exit of finance minister starts leadership race”. The article is written by Jason Fekete

“Morton quits cabinet for bid to lead Tories.” Calgary Herald, January 28, 2011. Material republished with the express permission of: Edmonton Journal/Calgary Herald, a division of Postmedia Network Inc.

Description

There is a second article underneath the image, titled “Rural Conservative support wavers,” written by Jamie Komarnicki. Below that second article, there are several other article titles (from other pages) mentioned, including “Unity Masks Tory Division” by Don Braid; “Who is the real Ted Morton?” by Tony Seskus; and “Wildrose Nightmare”, an unsigned editorial.

The text of the article (which is incomplete and continues on a different page of the newspaper) reads:

Surprise exit of finance minister starts leadership race

Ted Morton resigned Thursday as Alberta finance minister but will remain in caucus, a move that unofficially fires the starter pistol on the Tory leadership race and has Conservative MLAs conflicted over when Premier Ed Stelmach should exit. Morton announced his surprise departure — and plans to run for the Conservative party crown — at a hastily called news conference with Stelmach at McDougall Centre in Calgary, following a one-hour meeting between the premier and former finance minister.

The resignation came less than 24 hours after Morton said he had no plans to quit and the same week Stelmach announced he will resign as premier in the coming months. The two Tory heavyweights said the decision is based entirely on Morton's interest in the party reins, and the need to resign his portfolio to avoid any perceptions he's using his office to advance his leadership aspirations.

"I believe it would be difficult, if not impossible, for me to continue to discharge my duties as minister with the required perception of impartiality," Morton told reporters. "The media coverage and speculation around the impending leadership contest would be a serious distraction from the process of governing, particularly the passage of the budget."

There is a second article underneath the image, titled “Rural Conservative support wavers,” written by Jamie Komarnicki. The text of the article (which continues on another page), reads:

In Alberta's Tory heartland, retired rancher Archie Stockburger has always enjoyed his coffee black and his politics conservative blue. Most mornings, the Sundre resident heads to a coffee shop on Main Avenue for his caffeine fix with friends. Like many longtime Progressive Conservatives in this foothills community of 2,500 — which has elected a Tory since the dynasty began in 1971 — it's the politics he's questioning these days. A growing provincial debt load, mismanaged resources and an ineffective leader, he says, make him skeptical of the ruling Tories and — for the first time — eye rival upstart, Wildrose Alliance.

Premier Ed Stelmach's abrupt announcement this week he's stepping down, though, has changed everything for Stockburger. "It's a coin toss. Depends what the Tories do," the 72-year-old retiree says between sips of coffee. ''They squandered an awful pile of money for an awful lot of years," Stockburger says, adding: "It's Conservative here, and you can't change it." Across Alberta, residents have been voicing unease with the ruling Tories. Recent polls peg the PCs in a dead heat with the Wildrose, setting up a ferocious battle for the right-wing vote.

Below that second article, there are several other article titles (from other pages) mentioned, including “Unity Masks Tory Division” by Don Braid; “Who is the real Ted Morton?” by Tony Seskus; and “Wildrose Nightmare”, an unsigned editorial.

Black and white newspaper clipping. The clipping is of a column written by Don Braid from May 24, 2024, titled “Much of the Infamous Firewall Letter has turned into UCP government policy.” There is a picture of Ted Morton seated in a chair, wearing a blazer and slacks, speaking into a microphone.

“Don Braid's column.” Calgary Herald, A5, May 24, 2024. Material republished with the express permission of: Edmonton Journal/Calgary Herald, a division of Postmedia Network Inc.

Description

Underneath the image of Morton, it reads “Ted Morton was one of the seven who signed the Alberta Firewall Letter in 2001, along with Stephen Harper before he became the Conservative leader and, subsequently, prime minister.” In the column, much of which is cut off in the image, Don Braid explains how Danielle Smith’s United Conservative Party has adopted many of the recommendations from the 2001 “Alberta Agenda” letter—commonly known as the “Firewall Letter”—signed by Ted Morton and Stephen Harper, among others.

The legible text from the clipping reads:

The Alberta Firewall Letter, once a joke, has become entrenched reality. Nearly every demand in the once-infamous letter is now top of the UCP government's agenda. Nobody is happier than Ted Morton, one of the seven who signed it in 2001, along with Stephen Harper before he became Conservative leader and prime minister. “It feels good," Morton, retired U of C professor and former PC cabinet minister, said in an interview. "The Alberta agenda ideas are now pretty deeply embedded in provincial politics, and they’re not going to go away. How they’re going to work out, I don’t know. But these ideas have gone from fringe to mainstream.”

In fact, he thinks Poilievre will be a willing partner in most of Smith's plans. "The RCMP is already talking about walking away from provincial policing. I think Poilievre would, if not facilitate it, at least certainly not block it. On the (federal) gun registry, on the electricity regulations, he's already said he's against most of that.”

“The touchy one is the Alberta pension plan ... it has major fiscal implications for the CPP. So, I think he'll be much more careful about that. But on most of those other issues, I don't think there's much electoral risk to Poilievre in co-operating with Danielle Smith.”

Behind all this is the core belief that the problems are structural and can't be solved until Alberta assumes more power. A hostile government like the Liberals might inflame the tensions to help win support elsewhere. A friendly federal government could give the impression that the system is working.

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