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table of contents
  1. Half Title Page
  2. Title Page
  3. Copyright Page
  4. Dedication
  5. Table of Contents
  6. Preface
  7. Acknowledgements
  8. Illustrations
  9. 1. From Professor to Politician (1981–1997)
  10. 2. From Waiting to Running (1998–2004)
  11. 3. Life on the Back Bench (2005–2006)
  12. 4. PC Leadership Campaign: The Accidental Premier (2006)
  13. 5. Legislating Conservation: Success and Failure (2007–2009)
  14. 6. How I Became Finance Minister (2009)
  15. 7. Finance Minister (2010)
  16. 8. How I Unbecame Finance Minister (2010)
  17. 9. The Prairie Putsch (2011)
  18. 10. Redford and Prentice: The End of the PC Dynasty (2011–2015)
  19. 11. The Decline and Fall of the PC Empire: A Post-Morton
  20. 12. The Alberta Agenda: From Fringe to Mainstream
  21. Appendix 1 Power to the Parents: A Vindication of Bill 208
  22. Appendix 2 The Family as the Moral Foundation of Freedom: The Forgotten Dimension of Liberalism
  23. Appendix 3 After 40 years, the Charter is still one of the worst bargains in Canadian history
  24. F.L. (Ted) Morton Bibliography
  25. Notes
  26. Index

Index

abortion, 11, 221, 282–283, 287, 292, 295, 298

Agenda and Priorities Committee (A&P), 53, 183

Alaska, 244–247

Alberta Advantage, 46, 88, 130, 134, 210

Alberta Agenda, 2, 23–29, 31–33, 36–37, 49, 66–68, 79, 84, 155, 209, 221, 250, 253, 255–257

Alberta Alliance, 52, 58, 258

Alberta Civil Society Association (ACSA), 28

Alberta Conservation Association (ACA), 122–123, 313n37

Alberta Fish & Game Association (AFGA), 92, 97, 98, 115–116, 312n25, 312n33

Alberta Health Services (AHS), 183, 191–192

Alberta Heritage Savings Trust Fund, 47, 68, 133, 142, 176, 177, 181, 182, 244–248

Alberta Human Rights Act, 41, 42, 54, 55, 58, 266, 169

Alberta Investment Management Corporation (AIMCo), 133, 247

Alberta Land Stewardship Act (ALSA, 2009), 89–93, 99–106, 108, 126, 129, 191, 210, 214

Alberta Land Trust Grant Program, 89, 92, 106–108. See also Waldron Ranch

Alberta Liberal Party, 39–40, 59–61, 64, 105, 138, 143, 147, 186, 199, 221, 222, 224, 230, 233, 237, 238, 239

Alberta Pension Plan (APP), 24–25, 68, 155, 160, 161, 221

Alberta provincial election (2004), 32, 36–40, 41, 48, 63, 88, 222

Alberta provincial election (2008), 63, 116, 125, 133, 135–140, 144, 222, 239, 241

Alberta provincial election (2012), 24, 128, 171, 186–187, 197, 199, 201, 206, 220–224, 236, 237, 239, 240, 242

Alberta provincial election (2015), 205, 206, 226, 230–233, 235, 237, 240, 242, 244, 253

Alberta provincial election (2019), 244, 249, 254, 255, 270

Alberta provincial election (2023), 249, 256, 257, 259

Alberta Report, 11, 16, 32, 36, 50

Alberta Residents League (ARL), 27, 29, 31, 32, 306n57

Alberta Senate election (1998), 2, 13–20, 31, 67, 94

Alberta Sovereignty Act (2022), 24, 256–257

Alberta Teachers’ Association (ATA), 83, 136, 148, 242

Alberta Union of Public Employees (AUPE), 83

Anderson, Rob, 191, 222, 258, 320n45

Aristotle Foundation for Public Policy, 273

Bateman, Robert, 211

Berns, Walter, 6

Betkowski, Nancy. See MacBeth, Nancy

Bill 208 (Protection of Fundamental Freedoms (Marriage) Statutes Amendment Act, 2006), 50, 55–61, 68, 79, 240, 261–276

Bill C-38 (Civil Marriage Act, 2005), 50, 51, 53, 54, 55

Bitumen-royalty-in-kind (BRIK) program, 165–168, 173–174, 219

Bloom, Allan, 6, 7

Boessenkool, Ken, 26

Bow Habitat Station (2009), 108–11, 150, 312n22. See also Kids Can Catch Trout Pond

Braid, Don, 149, 150, 192, 199, 209, 210, 213

British North America Act, 7, 25, 56, 301n7

Brown, Bert, 14, 17, 18, 19

Buckley, Harvey, 33, 34, 38, 88

Byfield, Link, 27, 36, 73, 305n57

Byfield, Ted, 11, 16, 27, 32, 36, 49, 50

C. D. Howe Institute, 142–143, 155, 162, 180, 258

Calgary Flames, 94, 96

“Calgary mafia”. See Calgary School

“Calgary School”, 12, 20, 26, 76, 258, 304n39, 326n20

Canada Pension Plan (CPP), 24, 25, 68, 127, 154, 160, 161–165, 175, 211, 256

Canada West Foundation, 13, 143

Canadian Alliance, 20–24, 26, 29, 31, 33, 40, 64, 67, 78, 82, 84, 142, 188, 248, 272

Canadian Alliance Leadership (2000), 21–24

Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms, 11–12, 16, 20, 28, 30, 41–42, 51–52, 56, 263, 266

Canadian Federation of Independent Businesses (CFIB), 162, 165

Canadian Taxpayers Federation, 26, 73, 165, 226

Canadian Wheat Board, 28–32, 37, 67

carbon capture and storage (CCS), 140–141

Carter, Stephen, 219–221

Cass Report, 275, 276

Caucus Policy Committee (CPC), 176, 183, 184, 185

Charlottetown Accord, 11, 13, 37, 302n20

Charter. See Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms

Cheney, Dick, 139–140

Chestermere-Rocky View (electoral district), 222, 223

Chrétien, Jean, 10, 16, 18, 19, 21, 22, 25, 31, 85

Churchill, Winston, 2, 8, 133, 175, 207

civil society, 28, 69, 259, 280–281, 284, 285

Clark, Joe, 23, 208, 226, 228, 229

climate change, 40, 92, 129, 130, 131, 141, 257, 271

Clinton, Hillary, 270, 272

Colorado College, 1, 3

conservation easement, 94, 95, 102, 106–107, 112

Conservative Party of Canada (CPC), 15, 72, 84, 208, 228, 248–251, 254, 258, 275

Constitution Act, 1867. See British North America Act

Cooper, Barry, 12, 27, 94, 218

Corbella, Licia, 17, 27, 73, 74

COVID-19 pandemic, 129, 256

Critical Race Theory (CRT), 7, 268

Crooks, Andy, 26, 32, 64, 304n37

culture wars, 268, 270, 272–276

Day, Stockwell, 16, 21, 22, 23, 26, 67, 78, 188, 320n42

DEI. See diversity, equity, and inclusion

Dinning, Jim, 33, 34, 36, 48, 49, 61, 64–77, 81–85, 138, 150, 155, 170, 194, 208, 212, 214, 216, 236, 238, 250

diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI), 263–265, 270–276

Duckett, Stephen, 183, 191–192

Ducks Unlimited, 91, 102, 105, 110, 123, 312n33

Duncan, Dwight, 159, 162

dynasty syndrome, 239–241

elections. See Alberta Provincial Elections

Energy Resources Conservation Board (ERCB), 173

equalization, 25, 152, 159, 221, 254–256, 295

equalization referendum, 254–256

Evans, Iris, 83, 142–146, 148, 150, 151, 156, 186, 198

“Fair Deal”, 24, 37, 84, 221, 254–259

Fair Deal Report, 24, 254–256

federalism, 6, 12, 158–160, 291–293

feminists, 30, 208, 266, 282, 283, 292

Firewall Letter. See Alberta Agenda

Fiscal Responsibility Act, 134, 135, 144

Flaherty, Jim, 127, 157–159, 162–165

Flanagan, Tom, 12, 14, 26, 259, 264, 295, 320n30

Fletcher, Greg, 64,305n57.

Foothills-Rocky View (electoral district), 2, 32–40, 41, 45–46, 50, 65, 88, 148, 192, 197, 199, 204, 222, 249, 306n68

Fraser Institute, 32, 46, 127

freedom of religion, 50–61, 68, 85, 266, 276, 293

freedom of speech, 3, 50–61, 68, 85, 261, 265–268, 276, 293, 298

Gay, Claudine, 272, 273

gender identity, 266–269, 271, 274–276

Getty, Don, 13, 46, 65, 133, 135, 181, 187, 243, 245, 247

Glen, Ron, 147, 149, 178, 183, 185, 187, 202, 204, 317n35

GOTV (get out the vote), 34, 36, 74, 78

Griffiths, Doug, 184, 198, 208, 211, 214, 216, 236

gun registry, 28, 29, 30, 32, 37

Hamas, 130, 272

Hancock, Dave, 59, 66, 75, 77, 79, 83, 186, 187, 198, 227, 230, 240, 266

Harper, Stephen, 11, 12, 14, 23, 26, 30, 31, 53, 64, 65, 66, 72, 76, 78, 84, 85, 111, 159, 165, 209, 221, 228, 250, 251, 253, 255, 267, 292, 304n37

health care, 68–70, 83, 87, 137–138, 147–148, 180, 183, 187, 192, 210–211, 217, 242

Heritage Fund. See Alberta Heritage Savings Trust Fund

Hinman, Paul, 40, 52, 58, 138, 147

Holocaust, 5, 7, 272, 283

Horner, Doug, 79, 151, 170, 184, 186, 187, 198, 208, 211, 213–217, 226–227, 230–231, 236, 240, 317n35

hostile takeover of the PC Party, 253–254

Hughes, Ken, 129, 218, 228, 317n43

human rights acts, 60, 262, 266–269, 271, 293. See also Alberta Human Rights Act

hunting, 29, 30, 36, 68, 88–93, 96–99, 110, 112–125, 130, 150, 192

Hunting, Fishing and Trapping Heritage Act (Bill 201, 2008), 89, 97

Hunting for Habitat (2008), 89, 92, 112–116, 312n28

identity politics, 7, 61, 248, 262, 263, 272, 273, 293, 294

Israel, 4, 5, 130, 263, 272

Jansen, Sandra, 240, 269

Jean, Brian, 254

Kay, Barbara, 268

Kenney, Jason, 14, 16, 18, 22, 23, 24, 78, 161, 173, 240, 244, 249, 251, 252, 253–256, 306n57

Keystone XL Pipeline, 139

Kids Can Catch Trout Pond, 89, 91, 92, 108–112. See also Bow Habitat Station

Klein, Ralph, 10, 13, 17, 19, 21, 23–39, 41–44, 46–50, 52, 55, 58, 63, 69, 73, 76–77, 79, 81, 83, 85, 88, 94, 110, 130, 133, 135, 140, 144, 146–147, 155, 177, 194, 196, 207, 210, 216, 223, 227, 239–240, 242–243, 247–249, 258, 314n18

Knight, Mel, 79, 90, 93, 96, 118, 125, 126, 127, 128, 141, 150, 151, 163, 187, 198, 310n6, 317n43

Knopff, Rainer, 9, 11, 12, 14, 20, 26, 114, 125, 295, 298, 299, 302n17, 304n37, 312n27, 327n3, 332n13

Kowalski, Ken, 44, 59, 148

Kyoto Accord, 26, 28, 29, 32

land trusts, 89, 92, 93, 106–108

Land Use Framework (2009), 99–105. See also Alberta Land Stewardship Act

leadership selection process flaws, 235–238. See also PC leadership campaigns

Lévesque, René, 159, 291

Liberal Party of Canada, 16, 17, 20, 21, 26, 28, 29, 31, 37, 44, 47, 50, 51, 53, 54, 57, 76, 83–85, 104, 159, 215, 248, 250, 251, 255, 257, 267, 272–273, 291, 292

Liepert, Ron, 136, 147–148, 151, 187, 198, 200, 205, 220, 240, 317n43

Lind, Michael, 271, 272

Livingstone Range (2010), 90, 107, 123, 124. See also Micrex Mine

Lougheed, Peter, 49, 52, 69, 73, 130, 133, 156, 159, 160, 181, 210, 241–248, 257

Love, Rod, 33, 34, 52, 64, 77, 194

Lower Athabasca Regional Plan (LARP), 89

Lukaszuk, Thomas, 59, 184, 198, 228, 229, 240, 252, 320n44

Macbeth, Nancy, 13, 85, 239, 249

Macdonald-Laurier Institute, 265, 275

Madison, James, 280

Manning, Preston, 2, 9–14, 21–23, 26, 72, 188, 215, 223, 248–251, 255

Mar, Gary, 76, 140, 207, 211–218, 221, 250

Marie Lake, 90, 310n6

marriage, 20, 21, 28, 40–44, 50–61, 67, 68, 76, 85, 261, 262, 266, 271, 287, 288, 290, 298

Marriage Amendment Act (2000), 42–44, 51, 53

Martin, Paul, 57, 76

McIver, Rick, 228, 229, 252, 320n44

McLanahan, Sara, 281

Meech Lake Accord, 11, 37, 302n20

Melchin, Greg, 47, 79, 168, 320n42

Micrex Mine, 89, 90, 93, 123–129, 163, 187. See also Livingstone Range

Ministerial Order (MO), 90, 91, 97

Mintz, Jack, 142–145, 155, 161–162, 258–259, 295

Mintz Report, 142–147

MLA for Foothills-Rocky View (2004), 32–40

Moe, Scott, 251, 255, 259, 274, 276, 294

moral relativism, 3, 7, 270, 282

Mulroney, Brian, 10, 13, 18, 72, 159, 187, 302n20, 326n22

National Energy Program, 9, 10, 26, 250, 257, 306n9, 317n36

Natural Resources Conservation Board (NRCB), 126–129

Nenshi, Naheed, 138–139

New Democratic Party (NDP), 40, 57–60, 85, 103, 105, 129, 137, 138, 173, 186, 206, 220, 222, 230, 232, 233, 236, 238–240, 242–244, 247, 254, 257, 269, 270, 275, 314n18

New Egalitarians, 282–286

new fiscal framework, 181–184

“New Normal”, 177–181, 185, 186

New Royalty Framework (NRF), 116, 118, 128, 137, 138, 147, 151, 166, 191, 241, 242, 321n2, 314n19

non-judgmentalism, 286

non-renewable resource revenue (NRRR), 46, 60, 134, 142, 179, 181, 241, 244–247, 323n32

Noonan, Peggy, 271, 278, 279

Norris, Mark, 48, 49, 66, 75, 77, 79

North West Upgrader, 90, 128, 154, 163, 165–174, 187, 219, 247

Norway, 244–247

Notley, Rachel, 59, 173, 232, 233, 238, 242, 243, 248

notwithstanding clause, 42–44, 51, 52, 274, 291, 292, 294, 298

Oberg, Lyle, 63, 67, 73, 77, 78, 137, 320n42

OH Ranch: Heritage Rangeland (2008), 89, 90, 92, 93–96

oil sands, 88, 105, 136, 139, 140, 166, 172, 180, 219, 257

“Open Spaces” initiative, 92, 114–117

order-in-council (OIC), 90, 91, 96, 128

Orman, Rick, 208, 211, 214, 216, 236

Pardy, Bruce, 267, 268

parents’ rights, 67, 68, 85, 259, 261, 266–276, 285, 293

PC leadership campaign (2006), 248, 28, 60, 63–86, 111, 119, 136, 160, 193, 203, 209, 211, 212, 214, 216, 217, 221, 223, 224, 236–238, 249, 254, 257–258

PC leadership campaign (2011), 199, 202–218, 224, 225, 236–238, 242, 249

PC leadership campaign (2014), 227–228

pension reform, 160–165

petro-states, 241–244

Peterson, Jordan, 263, 264, 266, 273

Pham, Hung, 78, 80

Pheasant Release Program (2010), 118–123. See also Upland Birds Alberta

Plato, 4, 5, 6

Poilievre, Pierre, 15, 259, 275, 276

populism, 72, 73, 135, 137, 256, 258, 273, 294

preferential ballot (voting system), 34, 75, 81, 143, 217, 235–237

Prentice, Jim, 187, 199, 205, 207, 227–233, 235, 237, 239, 240, 246, 249, 320n44, 321n56

private member’s bill, 53, 54, 59, 60, 98

Progressive Conservative Association of Alberta. See PC leadership campaigns

property rights, 4, 6, 15, 31, 92, 102, 104, 191, 210, 214, 284, 293

provincial elections. See Alberta provincial elections

Provincial Hunting Day (2008), 89, 96, 99

Putnam, Robert, 281

Quebec as an adversary, 9, 15–18, 31, 221, 248, 251

Quebec as an ally, 25, 68, 156–160, 163, 165, 256, 259, 291, 292

Quebec Secession Reference (1998), 16, 25, 254

“Ralph Bucks”, 46, 47, 242

RCMP, 22, 25, 38, 39, 221, 256

Recreational Access Management Plan (RAMP, 2009), 89, 91, 92, 93, 114–118, 120–121, 150

Redford, Alison, 129, 172, 173, 186–187, 198–200, 206, 207–233, 235–240, 242, 247–252, 317n35, 321n1

Reform Party, 2, 9–21, 27, 30, 33–35, 67, 72, 82, 84, 94, 104, 119, 149, 208, 209, 215, 218, 228, 229, 248–251, 253, 255–256, 259, 310n39, 325n50, 332n14

religious freedom. See freedom of religion

“resource curse”, 241–248

Rousseau, Jean-Jacques, 6, 279

royalties, 118, 125, 134, 136, 137, 140, 166, 168, 170–172, 178–179, 236, 243, 246

Rufo, Christopher, 272

Russell, Peter, 6, 295, 298, 299

same-sex marriage, 20, 21, 28, 41, 42, 44, 50–61, 67, 68, 85, 261, 262, 266

Saskatchewan Party, 79, 251

Seaman, Doc, 94, 96, 112

section 33 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms. See notwithstanding clause

securities regulator, 154, 156–160, 175

Senate election. See Alberta Senate election (2008)

Senate Reform, 10–14, 19–20, 25, 28, 37, 84, 302n20, 302n1

Senator-in-Waiting, 13–21

shale gas, 178

Sherman, Raj, 148, 183, 191, 222, 239

Sierra Club, 92, 105, 180

Simpson, Jeffrey, 12, 273, 294, 302n21

Smith, Danielle, 24, 27, 79, 155, 161, 191, 204–205, 221, 222, 229, 230, 233, 249, 255–259, 274–276

Snelgrove, Lloyd, 78, 141–146, 151, 176, 183–185, 198, 204, 317n35, 320n42

social capital, 280–281, 285, 290

Social Credit, 72, 85, 149

social engineering, 282, 286

social justice, 58, 61, 262, 263, 268, 275, 293

Solberg, Monte, 14, 16, 78

Sovereign Wealth Funds (SWFs), 244–247

Sovereignty Act. See Alberta Sovereignty Act (2022)

Species at Risk Act (SARA, 2003), 103, 104

Stelmach, Ed, 24, 66, 67, 73–86, 87, 89, 90, 96, 99, 116, 118, 128, 130, 133–142, 147–153, 163, 166, 167, 170, 173, 188, 189, 191–220, 226, 232, 233, 235, 236, 239–244, 248, 249, 250, 252, 266, 310n6, 317n35, 318n4, 321n1, 321n2

Strauss, Leo, 6, 72

Sunday Hunting (2008), 96–99

Supreme Court of Canada, 6, 11, 15–16, 21, 25, 28, 30, 41, 42, 51, 55, 57, 85, 158, 159, 254, 266, 292, 296–299, 302n19, 315n15, 316n18

Sustainability Fund, 133–135, 145, 176–178, 181–182, 186, 196

Taras, David, 232, 239–240, 248–249, 322n10, 322n13

“Ted Morton is The Man” (song), 71, 309n12

Teedrum Upgrader, 219–220

Thomson, Graham, 39, 60, 73, 76, 320n26

Tocqueville, Alexis de, 280, 284, 285

Triple E Senate, 10, 17

Trudeau, Justin, 255, 257, 259, 267, 275, 292, 293

Trudeau, Pierre, 9, 10, 18, 156, 250, 257, 291, 292

Trump, Donald, 253, 270–271

“Two-minute Tories”, 83–85, 136, 207, 218, 225, 236, 237

unions (public sector), 69, 81, 83, 136, 148, 149, 206, 217, 232, 236, 239, 242, 271

United Conservative Party (UCP), 24, 129, 161, 173, 232, 244, 249, 251, 252, 254, 256–259

United Farmers of Alberta, 72

United Nurses of Alberta (UNA), 83

University of Calgary, 8, 9, 11, 12, 15, 20, 27, 69, 114, 155, 199, 258, 265

Upland Birds Alberta (UBA), 89, 92, 99, 118–123, 150. See also Pheasant Release Program

vote splitting, 26, 40, 66, 204–206, 209, 210, 215, 222, 224, 229, 230, 233, 236, 238–240, 242, 249, 251, 254, 321n1, 322n10

Vriend v. Alberta (1998), 21, 41, 266

Waldron Ranch, 106–108

Wall, Brad, 79, 251, 255

“Waves” document, 185, 193, 197–199

Western alienation, 72, 233, 248–252, 254, 258

Western Standard, 36, 48, 73, 265, 298

Wildrose Party, 24, 40, 85, 92, 104–105, 137, 138, 146, 147, 150, 152, 184, 186, 187, 191, 192, 202, 204, 206, 209, 210, 214, 215, 220, 221, 222–233, 236–238, 242, 249, 250, 251, 253, 254, 256, 311n19, 320n45, 321n1, 321n2, 322n10

Wyoming, 1, 2, 9, 139, 246, 324n38

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